Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Regional Centre, Guwahati, Assam, 781006, India.
Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture Technology, Federal University of Technology, P.M.B. 1526, Owerri, Nigeria.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Jul;31(35):47789-47800. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-34360-0. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have garnered significant global attention from researchers due to their unique physicochemical properties and wide-ranging applications in industry and medicine. However, their release into aquatic ecosystems has raised concerns regarding potential ecotoxicological consequences. The present study investigated the effects of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles on Labeo rohita fingerlings, focusing on behavioural reactions, genotoxic effects, histological changes and bioaccumulation. L. rohita fingerlings were exposed to polyvinyl pyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 18 to 29 nm for 7 days at concentrations of 100, 200, 400 and 800 ug/l. The nanoparticle zeta potential was found to be extremely negative, measuring - 55.5 mV for 18 nm and - 31.4 mV for 29 nm. Behavioural abnormalities, including respiratory distress, reduced responsiveness and erratic swimming, were observed in exposed groups compared to controls, with severity increasing with higher nanoparticle concentrations. Genotoxicity assessment revealed significantly higher DNA damage in kidney cells compared to gill cells. Histological examination of gill tissues showed clogging in primary and secondary lamellae, along with distorted anatomy, necrosis and vacuolar atrophy in peripheral tubules of the kidneys. The kidneys exhibited greater nanoparticle accumulation than the gills with prolonged exposure. Moreover, 18 nm AgNPs induced more pronounced DNA damage and histological alterations in the kidney and gill tissues compared to 29 nm nanoparticles. This study elucidates the critical role of monitoring AgNPs in aquatic systems, providing essential data on their behaviour and environmental impacts. The findings highlight the need for improved detection techniques and effective management of AgNP contamination. Future research should focus on developing more sensitive analytical methods, understanding long-term ecological effects and exploring innovative remediation strategies.
银纳米粒子（AgNPs）因其独特的物理化学性质以及在工业和医学领域的广泛应用而引起了全球研究人员的极大关注。然而，它们释放到水生生态系统中引起了对潜在生态毒理学后果的关注。本研究调查了聚乙烯吡咯烷酮包覆的银纳米粒子对罗非鱼鱼苗的影响，重点关注行为反应、遗传毒性、组织学变化和生物积累。罗非鱼鱼苗在浓度为 100、200、400 和 800 ug/l 的 18 至 29nm 大小的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮包覆的银纳米粒子中暴露 7 天。纳米粒子的zeta 电位非常负，18nm 的为-55.5mV，29nm 的为-31.4mV。与对照组相比，暴露组观察到呼吸窘迫、反应性降低和异常游泳等行为异常，随着纳米粒子浓度的升高，严重程度增加。遗传毒性评估显示，与鳃细胞相比，肾脏细胞的 DNA 损伤明显增加。鳃组织的组织学检查显示，初级和次级鳃瓣堵塞，同时肾脏周围小管的解剖结构扭曲、坏死和空泡萎缩。与鳃组织相比，肾脏组织的纳米粒子积累随着暴露时间的延长而增加。此外，18nm AgNPs 比 29nm 纳米粒子在肾脏和鳃组织中引起更明显的 DNA 损伤和组织学改变。本研究阐明了监测水生系统中 AgNPs 的重要性，提供了关于其行为和环境影响的重要数据。研究结果强调了需要改进检测技术和有效管理 AgNP 污染。未来的研究应侧重于开发更敏感的分析方法，了解长期的生态效应，并探索创新的修复策略。
