Occupational Therapy Department, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Speech and Swallow Department, Jaber Al-Ahmad Al Sabah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Med Princ Pract. 2024;33(5):452-461. doi: 10.1159/000539781. Epub 2024 Jul 16.
Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) are known for their prolonged and persistent effects on patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the PASC on the quality of life (QOL) of patients, their levels of activity participation, and satisfaction with these levels, in addition to exploring whether the duration of post-intensive care unit (ICU) discharge is associated with the effects of PASC.
This cross-sectional study included 134 patients with COVID-19 discharged from an ICU in Kuwait. Data were collected using two validated questionnaires: the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief (WHOQOL-BREF) and Satisfaction with Daily Occupations. Additionally, demographic information was collected, and 11 categories of related symptoms were investigated.
Most patients reported health issues post-ICU discharge. Furthermore, most PASC-related symptoms decreased over time, whereas a few increased. Notably, we observed a negative association between post-discharge duration and overall improvement in level of participation in activities of daily living. However, patients discharged from the ICU for more than 6 months demonstrated higher satisfaction with functional performance and improved QOL. Additionally, patients who received rehabilitation, and were vaccinated were less likely to have poor QOL. No significant sex differences were observed in the WHOQOL-BREF score.
PASC adversely affected the daily functioning of patients, especially in leisure, social, and religious aspects. However, these effects lessened over time, with corresponding improvement in QOL. Additionally, patient satisfaction with functional performance increased over time. These findings shed light on the rehabilitation needs of patients with COVID-19.
已知 SARS-CoV-2 的急性后期后遗症（PASC）对患者有长期和持久的影响。本研究旨在探讨 PASC 对患者生活质量（QOL）、活动参与水平及其对这些水平的满意度的影响，此外还探讨了从重症监护病房（ICU）出院后的时间是否与 PASC 的影响有关。
这是一项在科威特一家 ICU 出院的 134 名 COVID-19 患者的横断面研究。使用两个经过验证的问卷收集数据：世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL-BREF）和日常活动满意度。此外，还收集了人口统计学信息，并调查了 11 类相关症状。
大多数患者在 ICU 出院后报告有健康问题。此外，大多数与 PASC 相关的症状随时间推移而减少，而少数症状则增加。值得注意的是，我们观察到出院后时间与日常生活活动参与水平整体改善之间呈负相关。然而，从 ICU 出院超过 6 个月的患者对功能表现的满意度更高，生活质量也有所提高。此外，接受康复治疗和接种疫苗的患者不太可能生活质量较差。在 WHOQOL-BREF 评分方面，没有观察到显著的性别差异。
PASC 对患者的日常功能产生了不利影响，特别是在休闲、社交和宗教方面。然而，这些影响随着时间的推移而减轻，同时生活质量也有所改善。此外，患者对功能表现的满意度随时间的推移而增加。这些发现揭示了 COVID-19 患者的康复需求。
