Trends and disparities in prevalence of diagnosed hypertension among U.S. Adults from 2019 to 2022.

BACKGROUND

Hypertension (HTN) stands as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Identifying trends and disparities in HTN prevalence is vital for developing public health policies.

OBJECTIVE

Investigate the trends and disparities in HTN prevalence among U.S. adults from 2019 to 2022.

METHODS

Data from the CDC's National Health Interview Survey were utilized, with regression analysis including Joinpoint and ARIMA models performed by ChatGPT-4 to predict future trends.

RESULTS

The study observed fluctuations in the overall prevalence of diagnosed HTN starting at 27.0 % (95 % CI: 26.4-27.7, 2019), and reaching 27.2 % (95 % CI: 26.5-27.8, 2022). Males consistently showed higher HTN rates than females throughout the study period, with male prevalence increasing from 27.2 % (95 % CI: 26.3-28.1, 2019) to 27.9 % (95 % CI: 27.0-28.8, 2022), while females experienced decline from 26.9 % (95 % CI: 26.1-27.8, 2019) to 26.5 % (95 % CI: 25.7-27.3, 2022). Southern U.S. exhibited the highest prevalence at 30.1 % (95 % CI: 29.1-31.2, 2022), compared to the lowest in the West at 22.5 % (95 % CI: 21.4-23.8). Black adults showed a higher prevalence of 34.4 % (95 % CI: 32.4-36.4, 2022) compared to White adults at 27.4 % (95 % CI: 26.7-28.2), and significantly lower rates were observed in Asian adults at 14.5 % (95 % CI: 7.4-24.5).

CONCLUSION

This study highlights stable trends in HTN prevalence among U.S. adults from 2019 to 2022, with significant disparities by gender, region, and race, underscoring the need for targeted public health interventions to address these inequalities.