Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA, USA.
Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
Sleep Health. 2020 Feb;6(1):40-47. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2019.10.005. Epub 2019 Nov 20.
Ethnoracial disparities in sleep health across the lifecourse, may underlie other disparities in health and well-being among adults in the United States (U.S.). We evaluated if socioenvironmental stressors, which likely differ by the race/ethnicity of college students, may contribute to sleep disparities in this demographic group.
DESIGN/MEASUREMENTS: National Health Interview Survey data pooled from 2004 to 2017 were used to test the hypothesis that ethnoracial disparities in sleep exist among college students residing in dormitories in the U.S.
Nationally representative survey data.
A total of 2,119 college students residing in dormitories (71% White, 16% Black/African-American, 7% Hispanic/Latino, and 6% Asian) participated in the study.
The prevalence of short sleep duration was higher among Black/African-Americans than among White students, but not among Hispanics/Latinos and Asians, after adjusting for age, gender, and region of residence. In fully adjusted models, Black/African-Americans, although no longer statistically significant after adjustments, were more likely to report short sleep duration compared with White students (adjusted prevalence ratio; [aPR] = 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98-1.71). The prevalence of separate insomnia symptoms did not differ by ethnoracial group in adjusted models. Only Asian students had a higher prevalence (aPR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.12-1.75) of nonrestorative sleep than White students.
Black/African-American but not Hispanic/Latino or Asian college students were more likely to report short sleep duration than Whites. Insomnia symptoms did not differ between groups, while Asians experienced more nonrestorative sleep. Future studies should investigate the socioenvironmental causes of disparities using longitudinal designs, larger sample sizes, better socioeconomic status (SES) indicators, and objective sleep measures.
生命历程中不同种族/民族之间的睡眠健康差异可能是导致美国成年人健康和福祉差异的原因之一。我们评估了社会环境压力源是否可能导致这一人群在该群体中存在睡眠差异，这些压力源可能因大学生的种族/民族而异。
设计/测量：使用 2004 年至 2017 年期间汇总的全国健康访谈调查数据，来检验这样一个假设，即居住在美国宿舍的大学生之间存在种族/民族差异的睡眠。
具有全国代表性的调查数据。
共有 2119 名居住在宿舍的大学生（71%为白人，16%为黑人/非裔美国人，7%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔，6%为亚裔）参与了这项研究。
在调整年龄、性别和居住地区域后，与白人学生相比，黑人/非裔美国人睡眠时间较短的比例更高，但西班牙裔/拉丁裔和亚裔学生则不然。在完全调整的模型中，尽管在调整后不再具有统计学意义，但黑人/非裔美国人报告睡眠时间较短的可能性仍然高于白人学生（调整后的患病率比；[aPR] = 1.30，95%置信区间[CI]：0.98-1.71）。在调整后的模型中，不同种族/民族群体的失眠症状患病率没有差异。只有亚裔学生的睡眠质量较差的比例（aPR = 1.40，95%CI：1.12-1.75）高于白人学生。
与白人学生相比，黑人/非裔美国大学生更有可能报告睡眠时间较短，但西班牙裔/拉丁裔或亚裔大学生则不然。各组之间的失眠症状没有差异，而亚洲人经历的非恢复性睡眠更多。未来的研究应该使用纵向设计、更大的样本量、更好的社会经济地位（SES）指标和客观的睡眠测量方法，调查造成差异的社会环境原因。
