Institute of Forensic Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China.
College of Fishery, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Jul 1;15:1442906. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1442906. eCollection 2024.
Various types of professional immune cells first emerge in fish and likely represent the primordial form and functions. Recent advancements revealed the direct connection between the central nervous system and the immune system in the mammalian brain. However, the specifics of brain-immune networks in the fish and the underlying mechanisms of teleost's brain against pathogen infection have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the distribution of markers representing cerebral cells associated with protection and professional lymphocytes in the seven major components of the Nile tilapia brain through RNA-Seq assay and observed the most dominant abundance in the medulla oblongata. The subsequent challenge test revealed the non-specific cytotoxic cells (NCCs) exhibited the strongest response against streptococcal infection of the brain. The presence of NCCs in the brain was then confirmed using immunofluorescence and the cytotoxic effects usually induced by NCCs under infection were determined as well. Collectively, these findings contribute significantly to comprehending the mechanism of fish neuroimmune interaction and enhancing our understanding of its evolutionary development.
各种类型的专业免疫细胞首先出现在鱼类中，可能代表了原始的形式和功能。最近的研究进展揭示了哺乳动物大脑中中枢神经系统与免疫系统之间的直接联系。然而，鱼类中脑-免疫网络的具体细节以及硬骨鱼大脑抵御病原体感染的潜在机制尚未完全阐明。在这项研究中，我们通过 RNA-Seq 检测分析了与保护和专业淋巴细胞相关的脑内细胞标志物在尼罗罗非鱼大脑的七个主要组成部分中的分布，并观察到延髓中的丰度最高。随后的攻毒试验表明，非特异性细胞毒性细胞（NCC）对大脑链球菌感染的反应最强。然后使用免疫荧光法确认了 NCC 在大脑中的存在，并确定了 NCC 在感染下通常诱导的细胞毒性作用。总的来说，这些发现对理解鱼类神经免疫相互作用的机制以及增强我们对其进化发展的理解具有重要意义。
