Üsküp Dilara K, Castellon-Lopez Yelba M, Jolayemi Oluwadamilola, Branch Cheryl A, Adeyiga Oladunni, Shoptaw Steve
Department of Family Medicine, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Department of Internal Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine, and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Health Equity. 2024 Jul 1;8(1):446-454. doi: 10.1089/heq.2023.0188. eCollection 2024.
To analyze community experiences involving COVID-19 vaccination access and equity in Black and Latina/o/x communities within South Los Angeles, using a socioecological framework.
We conducted four virtual focus groups ( = 33 total participants) in 2021, with Black and Latina/o/x community members, community leaders, and community-based providers in South Los Angeles, a region highly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a grounded theory approach to guide the analysis and generate data shaped by participant perspectives.
Participants across groups consistently emphasized medical mistrust, fear/skepticism, misinformation, accessibility, and feelings of pressure and blame as factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination decisions. The need to address pandemic-related socioeconomic hardships in underresourced communities was equally highlighted.
Findings show that building trust, providing tailored information, and continued investment into diversity and equity initiatives can support Black and Latino/a/x communities in making informed health decisions. Community-centered support services should address the economic, social, and structural impact of the pandemic on vulnerable communities. Furthermore, public health and policy efforts must prioritize funding to equip social and health care systems with infrastructure investment in racial and ethnic minority communities.
运用社会生态框架，分析南洛杉矶黑人及拉丁裔社区在新冠疫苗接种可及性和公平性方面的社区经历。
2021年，我们对南洛杉矶的黑人及拉丁裔社区成员、社区领袖和社区服务提供者进行了四次虚拟焦点小组访谈（共33名参与者），南洛杉矶地区受新冠疫情影响严重。我们采用扎根理论方法指导分析，并生成受参与者观点影响的数据。
各小组的参与者一致强调，医疗不信任、恐惧/怀疑、错误信息、可及性以及压力和指责感是影响新冠疫苗接种决策的因素。同样突出的是，有必要解决资源匮乏社区与疫情相关的社会经济困难。
研究结果表明，建立信任、提供量身定制的信息以及持续投资于多元化和公平倡议，可以支持黑人和拉丁裔社区做出明智的健康决策。以社区为中心的支持服务应解决疫情对弱势群体的经济、社会和结构影响。此外，公共卫生和政策努力必须优先提供资金，以便为社会和医疗系统配备对种族和少数族裔社区的基础设施投资。
