Kawaguchi Kyosuke, Moriuchi Takefumi, Takita Ryotaro, Yoshimura Kyosuke, Kozu Ryo, Yanagita Yorihide, Origuchi Tomoki, Matsuo Takashi, Higashi Toshio
Occupational Therapy Science, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, JPN.
Rehabilitation, Oita Oka Hospital, Oita, JPN.
Cureus. 2024 Jun 14;16(6):e62397. doi: 10.7759/cureus.62397. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Virtual reality cycling (VRC) is simulated outdoor cycling with changes in scenery in virtual reality (VR) with rotating ergometer pedals. The speed at which the scenery changes, which is the visual flow velocity, can shift according to the same pedal rotation speed.
This study investigated the effects of different visual flow velocities on the psychophysiological responses of cyclists using the VRC.
Participants were asked to cycle for 20 min at 30% of their maximum exercise load under four conditions: (1) bicycle ergometer without VR (control), (2) VRC at normal visual flow velocity (VRC-normal), (3) VRC at 0.5 times the visual flow velocity of VRC-normal (VRC-slow), and (4) VRC at 1.5 times the visual flow velocity of VRC-normal (VRC-fast). The order of the four conditions was randomized in a counterbalanced design. The heart rate and rating of perceived exertion were recorded during the exercise. Participants graded their enjoyment of the task using the physical activity enjoyment scale (PACES). The measured data were analyzed by comparing the visual flow velocity conditions (VRC-slow, VRC-normal, and VRC-fast), and comparing the VRC and bicycle ergometer (VRC-normal and control).
A total of 24 participants were enrolled in the study. There was a significant main effect observed in the PACES score (F=20.129, p<0.001, partial η=0.467). In the post-hoc test for the PACES, significant differences were found in the following combinations: VRC-normal > VRC-slow (p=0.005); VRC-fast > VRC-normal (p=0.003); and VRC-fast > VRC-slow (p<0.001). In the modified Borg scale for lower-limb fatigue, there were significant differences in time factor (F=134.048, p<0.001, partial η=0.854) and interaction effects (F=3.156, p=0.018, partial η=0.121). In the post-hoc test for the modified Borg scale, significant trends were found in the following combinations: VRC-normal > VRC-fast (p=0.068) and VRC-slow > VRC-fast (p=0.083).
The results suggest that a slower visual flow velocity may reduce the enjoyment of exercise, whereas a faster visual flow velocity may make the exercise feel less fatigued and more enjoyable.
虚拟现实骑行（VRC）是一种在虚拟现实（VR）环境中模拟户外骑行的运动，通过旋转测力计踏板来实现。随着踏板旋转速度不变，虚拟场景变化的速度，即视觉流速也会相应改变。
本研究旨在探讨不同视觉流速对使用VRC的骑行者心理生理反应的影响。
参与者被要求在四种条件下，以其最大运动负荷的30%进行20分钟的骑行：（1）无VR的自行车测力计（对照组）；（2）正常视觉流速的VRC（VRC-正常组）；（3）VRC-正常组视觉流速0.5倍的VRC（VRC-慢速组）；（4）VRC-正常组视觉流速1.5倍的VRC（VRC-快速组）。四种条件的顺序采用平衡设计随机排列。在运动过程中记录心率和主观用力程度评级。参与者使用体育活动愉悦感量表（PACES）对任务的愉悦程度进行评分。通过比较视觉流速条件（VRC-慢速组、VRC-正常组和VRC-快速组）以及比较VRC组和自行车测力计组（VRC-正常组和对照组）来分析测量数据。
共有24名参与者纳入本研究。PACES评分存在显著的主效应（F = 20.129，p < 0.001，偏η = 0.467）。在PACES的事后检验中，发现以下组合存在显著差异：VRC-正常组 > VRC-慢速组（p = 0.005）；VRC-快速组 > VRC-正常组（p = 0.003）；VRC-快速组 > VRC-慢速组（p < 0.001）。在改良的下肢疲劳Borg量表中，时间因素存在显著差异（F = 134.048，p < 0.001，偏η = 0.854）以及交互效应显著（F = 3.156，p = 0.018，偏η = 0.
