Stevenson-Hoare Joshua, Stocker Hannah, Trares Kira, Holleczek Bernd, Brenner Hermann
Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research German Cancer Research Center Heidelberg Germany.
Network Aging Research Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany.
Alzheimers Dement (Amst). 2024 Jul 15;16(3):e12624. doi: 10.1002/dad2.12624. eCollection 2024 Jul-Sep.
Subjective hearing and memory problems are detectable earlier than objective measures of sensory loss and cognitive decline, which are known to be related to an increased risk of dementia in later life.
Using a population-representative cohort of 6006 individuals (aged 50-75) we examined whether participants who self-reported hearing and short-term memory issues showed greater rates of dementia within 17 years of follow-up. A sub-cohort was tested for audiometric threshold and cognition after 14 years.
Hearing and memory problems were associated with a greater risk of dementia (hazard ratios [HRs] = 1.42 [95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.81], 1.57 [1.30-1.90]), and poorer cognition 14 years later. The risk was greatest in those reporting both problems (HR = 1.99 [1.42-2.80]). At follow-up, the level of hearing loss was associated with lower cognitive scores.
Self-reports of hearing and short-term memory problems are associated with poorer cognitive performance and a greater risk of dementia. Subjective assessments may have predictive power over more than a decade.
In a sample of older adults subjective hearing and memory problems were associated with dementia risk.Cross-sectionally, the audiometric screening threshold was associated with cognitive test scores.Subjective sensory and memory loss questions are easy to implement and show good predictive power.
主观听力和记忆问题比感觉丧失和认知衰退的客观指标更早被发现，而这些客观指标已知与晚年患痴呆症的风险增加有关。
我们使用了一个具有人群代表性的队列，其中包括6006名年龄在50至75岁之间的个体，研究自我报告有听力和短期记忆问题的参与者在17年随访期内是否有更高的痴呆症发病率。14年后对一个亚队列进行了听力阈值和认知测试。
听力和记忆问题与更高的痴呆症风险相关（风险比[HRs]=1.42[95%置信区间：1.11-1.81]，1.57[1.30-1.90]），并且14年后认知能力更差。在报告了这两个问题的人群中风险最高（HR=1.99[1.42-2.80]）。在随访时，听力损失程度与较低的认知分数相关。
听力和短期记忆问题的自我报告与较差的认知表现和更高的痴呆症风险相关。主观评估可能在十多年的时间里都具有预测能力。
在一个老年人群样本中，主观听力和记忆问题与痴呆症风险相关。从横断面来看，听力筛查阈值与认知测试分数相关。主观感觉和记忆丧失问题易于实施且具有良好的预测能力。
