预防行为对中老年中国人自评健康、抑郁症状和日常功能的影响：一项实证研究。
The impact of preventive behaviors on self-rated health, depression symptoms, and daily functioning among middle-aged and elderly Chinese: An empirical study.
机构信息
School of Public Administration, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Hebei Aademy of Social Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2024 Jul 16;19(7):e0305672. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305672. eCollection 2024.
INTRODUCTION
With the intensifying issue of an aging population, the health of middle-aged and elderly individuals garners increased attention. Preventive behaviors are pivotal in enhancing life quality and extending healthy living. This study examines the effects of preventive behaviors on self-rated health, depression, and daily functioning among these populations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Drawing on data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), this research applies a panel ordered probability model to scrutinize the influence of preventive behaviors on health outcomes among middle-aged and elderly populations. It utilizes self-rated health, depression, and daily functioning as pivotal health indicators to assess the effects.
RESULTS
Preventive behaviors exert a significant impact on self-assessed health and daily functioning among middle-aged and elderly populations. Engagement in social activities effectively reduces depression symptoms. Primary preventive measures, including physical and social activities, enhance health outcomes through medical consultations. Conversely, secondary preventive actions, such as undergoing physical examinations, facilitate early detection of diseases, enabling timely intervention and health advisories. It is noteworthy that individuals with higher incomes derive lesser benefits from these physical or social endeavors.
CONCLUSION
Sociodemographic determinants such as age, income, and educational attainment significantly modulate the efficacy of preventive behaviors on the health outcomes of middle-aged and elderly populations. This research underscores the pivotal role of physical examination services within primary healthcare frameworks and advocates for the tailoring of health promotion strategies to the accessible social needs and engagements of economically and educationally disadvantaged seniors.
简介
随着人口老龄化问题的加剧，中年和老年人群体的健康问题受到了越来越多的关注。预防行为对于提高生活质量和延长健康寿命至关重要。本研究考察了预防行为对这一人群自感健康、抑郁和日常功能的影响。
材料和方法
本研究利用中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）的数据，采用面板有序概率模型考察了预防行为对中年和老年人群健康结果的影响。它使用自感健康、抑郁和日常功能作为关键健康指标来评估影响。
结果
预防行为对中年和老年人群的自感健康和日常功能有显著影响。参与社会活动能有效减轻抑郁症状。初级预防措施，包括身体和社会活动，通过医疗咨询促进健康结果。相反，二级预防措施，如体检，有助于早期发现疾病，从而进行及时干预和健康建议。值得注意的是，收入较高的个体从这些身体或社会活动中获益较少。
结论
社会人口学决定因素，如年龄、收入和教育程度，显著调节了预防行为对中年和老年人群健康结果的影响。本研究强调了初级保健框架内体检服务的关键作用，并倡导根据经济和教育上处于不利地位的老年人的可及社会需求和参与情况，调整健康促进策略。
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