Ustad Astrid, Sverdrup Karen, Tangen Gro Gujord, Døhl Øystein, Vereijken Beatrix, Thingstad Pernille, Skjæret-Maroni Nina
Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Edvard Griegs Gate 8, 7030, Trondheim, Norway.
Norwegian National Centre for Ageing and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Oslo, Norway.
Eur Rev Aging Phys Act. 2024 Jul 17;21(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s11556-024-00355-6.
Physical activity (PA) is imperative for healthy ageing and is a modifiable lifestyle factor. Accurate, clinically meaningful estimates of daily PA among older adults can inform targeted interventions to maintain function and independence. This study describes daily PA in older adults across levels of care as a first step contributing to the limited evidence on potential associations between PA and the use of care services.
This study used data from the Trondheim 70 + cohort in the population-based Norwegian HUNT Study. In total, 1042 participants aged 70 years or older with valid activity data were included. PA was assessed using two accelerometers over 7 consecutive days and was classified into PA (walking, standing, running, and cycling) and sedentary behavior (sitting and lying). Data on received care services were retrieved from municipal registers and participants were classified into four levels of care: 1) independently living (81.9%), 2) independently living with low-level home care services (6.5%), 3) recipients of home care services (6.0%), and 4) nursing home residents (5.7%). Time spent in the activity types and duration of bouts are presented across levels of care.
Participants mean age was 77.5 years (range: 70.1-105.4, 55% female) and PA was lower with higher age. Across levels of care, significant group differences were found in the total time spent in PA, particularly in walking and standing. Daily PA, duration of active bouts, and number of daily walking bouts were lower for participants receiving higher levels of care. Standing was the dominant type of PA and walking appeared predominantly in short bouts at all care levels.
This is the first population-based study using device-measured PA to describe daily PA across levels of care. The results showed that low-intensity activities constitute the primary component of everyday PA, advocating for placing greater emphasis on the significant role these activities play in maintaining daily PA at older age. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that activity types and bout durations are related to the ability to live independently among older adults. Overall, these findings can contribute to better target interventions to maintain function and independence in older adults.
身体活动对健康老龄化至关重要，是一个可改变的生活方式因素。准确、具有临床意义地估计老年人的日常身体活动可以为维持功能和独立性的针对性干预提供依据。本研究描述了不同护理水平的老年人的日常身体活动，作为对身体活动与护理服务使用之间潜在关联的有限证据的第一步贡献。
本研究使用了基于人群的挪威HUNT研究中特隆赫姆70岁及以上队列的数据。总共纳入了1042名年龄在70岁及以上且有有效活动数据的参与者。使用两个加速度计连续7天评估身体活动，并将其分为身体活动（步行、站立、跑步和骑自行车）和久坐行为（坐着和躺着）。从市政登记处获取接受护理服务的数据，并将参与者分为四个护理水平：1）独立生活（81.9%），2）接受低水平家庭护理服务的独立生活者（6.5%），3）家庭护理服务接受者（6.0%），4）养老院居民（5.7%）。呈现了不同护理水平下在活动类型上花费的时间和发作持续时间。
参与者的平均年龄为77.5岁（范围：70.1 - 105.4岁，55%为女性），身体活动随着年龄增长而降低。在不同护理水平之间，在身体活动总时间上发现了显著的组间差异，特别是在步行和站立方面。接受更高护理水平的参与者的日常身体活动、活跃发作持续时间和每日步行发作次数较低。站立是身体活动的主要类型，并且在所有护理水平上步行主要以短时间发作出现。
这是第一项使用设备测量的身体活动来描述不同护理水平的日常身体活动的基于人群的研究。结果表明，低强度活动构成了日常身体活动的主要组成部分，主张更加重视这些活动在维持老年人日常身体活动中所起的重要作用。此外，该研究表明活动类型和发作持续时间与老年人的独立生活能力有关。总体而言，这些发现有助于更好地针对干预措施以维持老年人的功能和独立性。
