Sadio Arnold Junior, Ferré Valentine Marie, Adama Oumarou I Wone, Kouanfack Harold Régis, Dagnra Anoumou Claver, Amenyah-Ehlan Amivi P, Lawson-Ananissoh Laté Mawuli, Descamps Diane, Charpentier Charlotte, Ekouevi Didier Koumavi
Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, University of Lomé, Center for Training and Research in Public Health, Lomé, Togo.
African Center for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CARESP), Lomé, Togo.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Jul 16;24(1):1901. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19415-8.
In Togo, few data are available on viral hepatitis in street adolescents, a vulnerable population due to their lifestyle. The aim of this study was to describe the lifestyle of street adolescents (sexual practices and drug use), to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses, and to describe their HBV immunization profile in Togo.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in Lomé (Togo) in July 2021. Street adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years were included. A questionnaire was used to document lifestyle. ELISA tests were performed for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), Hepatitis B core and surface antibodies (anti-HBc, anti-HBs), and antibodies against hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV).
A total of 299 adolescents (5.4% female) with a median age of 15 years (IQR: 14-17) were included. Of these, 70.6% (211/299) were sexually active and 70.6% (149/211) had not used a condom during their last sexual intercourse. Drug use was reported by 42.1% of the adolescents. The most used substances were cannabis (39.0%), cocaine (36.6%), glue solvents (19.5%), and tramadol (11.4%). However, cocaine use may have been overestimated due to information bias. Current HBV infection (HBsAg+) was detected in 3.7% (95%CI: 1.9-6.5) of the adolescents. Isolated anti-HBc + was present in 5.3%. All three HBV markers (HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HBc) were negative in 71.6% of adolescents. Anti-HCV was detected in 4.7% of adolescents.
Nearly one in 10 street adolescents has markers for HBV contact/current infection, and approximately 72% of street adolescents may still be infected with HBV, as they have no HBV markers. HCV is also circulating in this population. Given the reported high-risk sexual practices and high levels of drug use, there is an urgent need to develop integrated strategies to prevent infections, including HBV, and drug dependence in this population.
在多哥，关于街头青少年病毒性肝炎的数据很少，由于他们的生活方式，这是一个弱势群体。本研究的目的是描述街头青少年的生活方式（性行为和吸毒情况），估计乙型和丙型肝炎病毒的流行率，并描述他们在多哥的乙肝疫苗接种情况。
2021年7月在多哥洛美进行了一项横断面研究。纳入了年龄在13至19岁之间的街头青少年。使用问卷记录生活方式。对乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝核心抗体和表面抗体（抗-HBc、抗-HBs）以及丙肝病毒抗体（抗-HCV）进行酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）检测。
共纳入299名青少年（5.4%为女性），中位年龄为15岁（四分位间距：14 - 17岁）。其中，70.6%（211/299）有性行为，70.6%（149/211）在最近一次性交时未使用避孕套。42.1%的青少年报告有吸毒行为。最常使用的物质是大麻（39.0%）、可卡因（36.6%）、胶水溶剂（19.5%）和曲马多（11.4%）。然而，由于信息偏差，可卡因的使用情况可能被高估了。3.7%（95%置信区间：1.9 - 6.5）的青少年检测到当前乙肝感染（HBsAg+）。孤立的抗-HBc+占5.3%。71.6%的青少年所有三项乙肝标志物（HBsAg、抗-HBs和抗-HBc）均为阴性。4.7%的青少年检测到抗-HCV。
近十分之一的街头青少年有乙肝接触/当前感染的标志物，约72%的街头青少年可能仍感染乙肝，因为他们没有乙肝标志物。丙肝病毒也在这一人群中传播。鉴于报告的高风险性行为和高吸毒水平，迫切需要制定综合策略来预防包括乙肝在内的感染以及该人群中的药物依赖。
