Almeldin Yousri A R, Eldlebshany Amira E, Elkhalek Enass Abd, Lohakare Jayant, Abdel-Wareth Ahmed A A
Poultry Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
Poultry Center, Cooperative Agricultural Research Center, Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, United States.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Jul 2;11:1393335. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1393335. eCollection 2024.
The potential significance and importance of green iron nanoparticles (Nano-Fe) in poultry production lie in their capability to effectively tackle iron deficiency in poultry. Iron, an indispensable mineral for numerous physiological functions in birds, such as oxygen transport, energy metabolism, and immune response, underscores the critical need for adequate iron levels. Nevertheless, conventional iron supplementation methods frequently face hurdles like limited bioavailability rates in poultry. To enhance performance, and promote sustainable broiler productivity, Nano-Fe showed promise as an efficient feed supplement for broiler chickens. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of green Nano-Fe inclusions in diets on growth, ammonia excretion, carcass criteria, and meat quality in broiler chickens.
A total of 192 one-day-old male Ross 308 broiler chicks, were assigned to three treatment diets including Nano-Fe oxide at 0, 20, or 40 mg/kg, respectively, for 42 days. Each treatment comprised eight replicates, each with eight broiler chicks. Two phases comprised the 42-day study (0 to 21 days for the starter and 21 to 42 days for the finisher).
In comparison to the control group, the Nano-Fe oxide groups 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg linearly improved ( < 0.05) body weight ( = 0.574) and body weight gain ( = 0.367) under hot climatic conditions at 42 days of age. Furthermore, Nano-Fe oxide to broiler diets, improved (linear, < 0.05) feed conversion ratio ( = 0.424) throughout whole periods. The feed intake did not show any significant difference ( > 0.05) among groups during the experimental periods under hot climatic conditions. The ammonia content of excreta ( = 0.454) was linearly decreased ( < 0.05) with increasing Nano-Fe oxide levels in broiler diets compared to control at 21 and 42 days of age under hot climatic conditions. Nano-Fe oxide positively influences cook loss, water-holding capacity, and iron content in various tissues. Moreover, it contributes to a healthier carcass yield and reduced abdominal fat.
In conclusion, broiler chickens fed diets containing Nano-Fe oxide at 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg demonstrated enhanced growth performance, improved meat quality, increased iron content in tissues, higher dressing percentage, and reduced abdominal fat deposition. Future research should explore the impact of green Nano-Fe oxide on additional factors such as the microbiome and gene expression related to immunity and heat stress.
绿色铁纳米颗粒（纳米铁）在家禽生产中的潜在意义和重要性在于其有效解决家禽缺铁问题的能力。铁是鸟类众多生理功能（如氧气运输、能量代谢和免疫反应）不可或缺的矿物质，这凸显了充足铁水平的迫切需求。然而，传统的铁补充方法在家禽中常常面临生物利用率有限等障碍。为提高性能并促进肉鸡可持续生产力，纳米铁有望成为肉鸡高效的饲料添加剂。本研究的目的是评估日粮中添加绿色纳米铁对肉鸡生长、氨排泄、胴体指标和肉质的影响。
总共192只1日龄雄性罗斯308肉鸡雏鸡被分配到三种处理日粮中，分别含有0、20或40毫克/千克的纳米氧化铁，为期42天。每个处理包括8个重复，每个重复有8只肉鸡雏鸡。42天的研究包括两个阶段（0至21天为育雏期，21至42天为育肥期）。
与对照组相比，在42日龄炎热气候条件下，20毫克/千克和40毫克/千克纳米氧化铁组线性提高（P<0.05）体重（R² = 0.574）和体重增加（R² = 0.367）。此外，在整个期间，纳米氧化铁添加到肉鸡日粮中，线性改善（P<0.05）饲料转化率（R² = 0.424）。在炎热气候条件下的实验期间，各组间采食量无显著差异（P>0.05）。在21日龄和42日龄炎热气候条件下，与对照组相比，随着肉鸡日粮中纳米氧化铁水平的增加，排泄物中的氨含量线性降低（P<0.05）。纳米氧化铁对各种组织的烹饪损失、持水能力和铁含量有积极影响。此外，它有助于提高胴体产量并减少腹部脂肪。
总之，饲喂含20毫克/千克和40毫克/千克纳米氧化铁日粮的肉鸡表现出增强的生长性能、改善的肉质、组织中铁含量增加、屠宰率提高和腹部脂肪沉积减少。未来的研究应探索绿色纳米氧化铁对其他因素的影响，如与免疫和热应激相关的微生物群和基因表达。
