Centro de Investigación Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), CIACyT, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Aquaculture Department, Faculty of Natural Resources and the Environment, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Oct 20;948:174809. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174809. Epub 2024 Jul 15.
In recent years, emerging environmental pollutants have increasingly endangered the health of freshwater organisms. The gut microbiota exhibits sensitivity to medications, dietary factors and environmental pollutants, rendering it a novel target for toxicological studies. The gut microbiota can be a potential exposure route affecting the host's health. Herein, we review the current knowledge on two different but concurrent pollutants, microplastics and pesticides, regarding their impact on the gut microbiota, which includes alterations in microbial composition, gene expression, function, and health effects in the hosts. Moreover, synergetic interactions between microplastics and pesticides can exacerbate dysbiosis and health risks. We discuss health-related implications of gut microbial changes based on the consequences in metabolism, immunity, and physiology function. Further research is needed to discover the mechanisms underlying these effects and develop strategies for mitigating their harmful impacts on freshwater animals.
近年来，新兴环境污染物日益威胁着淡水生物的健康。肠道微生物群对药物、饮食因素和环境污染物敏感，使其成为毒理学研究的新靶点。肠道微生物群可能是影响宿主健康的潜在暴露途径。在此，我们综述了两种不同但同时存在的污染物，即微塑料和农药，对肠道微生物群的影响，包括微生物组成、基因表达、功能的改变，以及对宿主的健康影响。此外，微塑料和农药之间的协同相互作用会加剧肠道菌群失调和健康风险。我们根据代谢、免疫和生理功能方面的后果，讨论了肠道微生物变化与健康相关的影响。需要进一步研究来发现这些影响的机制，并制定减轻其对淡水动物的有害影响的策略。
