Martinez Juan, Maisey Thomas, Ingram Nicola, Kapur Nikil, Beales Paul A, Jayne David G
School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK.
Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS9 7TF, UK.
Surg Open Sci. 2024 Jun 18;20:106-115. doi: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.06.002. eCollection 2024 Aug.
Postoperative pain following abdominal surgery is a significant obstacle to patient recovery, often necessitating high analgesic doses associated with adverse effects like cognitive impairment and cardiorespiratory depression. Reliable animal models are crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of post surgical pain and developing more effective pain-relieving strategies.
We developed a mouse model to replicate peritoneal trauma induced by abdominal surgery. 30 C57BL/6 mice underwent laparotomy, with half undergoing standardised peritoneal abrasion and the rest serving as controls. Mouse recovery was assessed using two validated scoring systems of surgical recovery: Post surgery Severity Assessment (PSSA) and Mouse Grimace Score (MGS). Blood samples were taken for cytokine analysis. Adhesions were evaluated on day 6, and peritoneal tissue was examined for healing markers.
After laparotomy, all mice exhibited expected pain profiles. Mice with peritoneal abrasion had significantly higher PSSA (7.2 ± 1.2 vs 4.68 ± 0.82, ≤ 0.001) and MGS scores (3.62 ± 0.74 vs 0.82 ± 0.40, ≤ 0.05) with slower recovery. Serum inflammatory cytokine levels were significantly elevated in the abraded group, and adhesion formation was higher in this group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed significantly increased expression of α-SMA, CD31, CD68, and F4/80 in peritoneal tissue in the abraded group.
A mouse model involving laparotomy and standardised peritoneal abrasion replicates the expected pathophysiological changes following abdominal surgery. It will be a useful model for better understanding the mechanisms of post surgical pain and developing improved pain-relief strategies. It also has utility for the study of intra-abdominal adhesion formation.
To understand the intricate relationship between peritoneal trauma-induced pain, cytokine response, and post-operative adhesion formation in mouse models for advancing therapeutic interventions and enhancing post-operative recovery outcomes.
腹部手术后的疼痛是患者康复的重大障碍，常常需要高剂量镇痛药，而这会带来诸如认知障碍和心肺抑制等不良反应。可靠的动物模型对于理解术后疼痛的病理生理学以及制定更有效的止痛策略至关重要。
我们建立了一种小鼠模型来模拟腹部手术引起的腹膜创伤。30只C57BL/6小鼠接受剖腹手术，其中一半进行标准化腹膜擦伤，其余作为对照。使用两种经过验证的手术恢复评分系统评估小鼠的恢复情况：术后严重程度评估（PSSA）和小鼠痛苦评分（MGS）。采集血样进行细胞因子分析。在第6天评估粘连情况，并检查腹膜组织的愈合标志物。
剖腹手术后，所有小鼠均呈现出预期的疼痛表现。腹膜擦伤的小鼠PSSA评分显著更高（7.2 ± 1.2 vs 4.68 ± 0.82，≤ 0.001），MGS评分也更高（3.62 ± 0.74 vs 0.82 ± 0.40，≤ 0.05），恢复较慢。擦伤组血清炎症细胞因子水平显著升高，且该组粘连形成更多。免疫组织化学分析显示，擦伤组腹膜组织中α-SMA、CD31、CD68和F4/80的表达显著增加。
一种涉及剖腹手术和标准化腹膜擦伤的小鼠模型复制了腹部手术后预期的病理生理变化。它将成为一个有用的模型，有助于更好地理解术后疼痛机制并制定改进的止痛策略。它在研究腹腔内粘连形成方面也具有实用性。
在小鼠模型中理解腹膜创伤性疼痛、细胞因子反应和术后粘连形成之间的复杂关系，以推进治疗干预并改善术后恢复结果。
