Dizinger H G, Ringelstein E B
Dtsch Med Wochenschr. 1985 Nov 15;110(46):1759-65. doi: 10.1055/s-2008-1069082.
42 patients aged up to 35 years who had suffered a stroke were analysed according to etio-pathogenetic and prognostic criteria. The cause of the stroke could be explained with certainty only in ten patients and with high probability in a further eight. In a quarter of the cases the aetiology was completely obscure. Diagnostic gaps exist especially in haemostatic, virological and cardiological areas. Three patients died from the stroke. Follow-up showed that 40% of patients were able to resume their previous occupation. Relapses were observed in cases with disseminated lupus erythematosus and endocarditis. The relatively low rate of clarified cases (42%) is partly due to selection but also to the gaps in diagnostic knowledge. Accordingly, a stepwise diagnostic program was set up, based upon urgency and technical expenditure, that took into account not only the minimal needs for a sound initial diagnosis but also the extensive differential diagnoses for less common causes of stroke.
对42名年龄在35岁及以下的中风患者按照病因病理和预后标准进行了分析。仅在10名患者中能明确解释中风的病因，另有8名患者的病因具有高度可能性。在四分之一的病例中，病因完全不明。诊断空白尤其存在于止血、病毒学和心脏病学领域。3名患者死于中风。随访显示，40%的患者能够恢复之前的工作。在系统性红斑狼疮和心内膜炎患者中观察到复发情况。确诊病例的比例相对较低（42%），部分原因是选择因素，但也归因于诊断知识的空白。因此，根据紧迫性和技术成本，制定了一个逐步诊断方案，该方案不仅考虑了做出可靠初步诊断的最低需求，还考虑了对较少见中风病因的广泛鉴别诊断。
