Liu Wei, Wang Si Ran, Dai Jun Yan, Zhang Lei, Chen Qiao, Cheng Qiang, Cui Tie Jun
State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
Light Sci Appl. 2024 Jul 18;13(1):172. doi: 10.1038/s41377-024-01513-2.
Independent controls of various properties of electromagnetic (EM) waves are crucially required in a wide range of applications. Programmable metasurface is a promising candidate to provide an advanced platform for manipulating EM waves. Here, we propose an approach that can arbitrarily control the polarization direction and phases of reflected waves in linear and nonlinear ways using a stacked programmable metasurface. Further, we extend the space-time-coding theory to incorporate the dimension of polarization, which provides an extra degree of freedom for manipulating EM waves. As proof-of-principle application examples, we consider polarization rotation, phase manipulation, and beam steering at linear and nonlinear frequencies. For validation, we design, fabricate, and measure a metasurface sample. The experimental results show good agreement with theoretical predictions and simulations. The proposed approach has a wide range of applications in various areas, such as imaging, data storage, and wireless communication.
在广泛的应用中，对电磁波（EM）各种特性进行独立控制至关重要。可编程超表面是提供用于操纵电磁波的先进平台的一个有前景的候选者。在此，我们提出一种方法，该方法可以使用堆叠的可编程超表面以线性和非线性方式任意控制反射波的偏振方向和相位。此外，我们扩展了时空编码理论以纳入偏振维度，这为操纵电磁波提供了额外的自由度。作为原理验证应用示例，我们考虑线性和非线性频率下的偏振旋转、相位操纵和波束转向。为了进行验证，我们设计、制造并测量了一个超表面样本。实验结果与理论预测和模拟结果吻合良好。所提出的方法在成像、数据存储和无线通信等各个领域都有广泛的应用。
