Gao Hanpeng, Zhao Fangyi, Liu Jiaxi, Meng Zong, Han Zhiwu, Liu Yan
School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066004, P. R. China.
Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130022, P. R. China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 Jul 31;16(30):38811-38831. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c06905. Epub 2024 Jul 20.
Flexible sensors have attracted great attention in the field of wearable electronic devices due to their deformability, lightness, and versatility. However, property improvement remains a key challenge. Fortunately, natural organisms exhibit many unique response mechanisms to various stimuli, and the corresponding structures and compositions provide advanced design ideas for the development of flexible sensors. Therefore, this Review highlights recent advances in sensing performance and functional characteristics of flexible sensors from the perspective of bionics for the first time. First, the "twins" of bionics and flexible sensors are introduced. Second, the enhancements in electrical and mechanical performance through bionic strategies are summarized according to the prototypes of humans, plants, and animals. Third, the functional characteristics of bionic strategies for flexible sensors are discussed in detail, including self-healing, color-changing, tangential force, strain redistribution, and interfacial resistance. Finally, we summarize the challenges and development trends of bioinspired flexible sensors. This Review aims to deepen the understanding of bionic strategies and provide innovative ideas and references for the design and manufacture of next-generation flexible sensors.
柔性传感器因其可变形性、轻便性和多功能性，在可穿戴电子设备领域备受关注。然而，性能提升仍是一项关键挑战。幸运的是，天然生物体对各种刺激表现出许多独特的响应机制，其相应的结构和组成可为柔性传感器的开发提供先进的设计思路。因此，本综述首次从仿生学角度重点介绍了柔性传感器在传感性能和功能特性方面的最新进展。首先，介绍了仿生学与柔性传感器的“孪生关系”。其次，根据人类、植物和动物的原型，总结了通过仿生策略在电学和力学性能方面的提升。第三，详细讨论了柔性传感器仿生策略的功能特性，包括自愈合、变色、切向力、应变重新分布和界面电阻。最后，我们总结了受生物启发的柔性传感器面临的挑战和发展趋势。本综述旨在加深对仿生策略的理解，并为下一代柔性传感器的设计和制造提供创新思路和参考。
