Mühlmeier Guido, Tisch Matthias
Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Ulm, Oberer Eselsberg 40, 89081, Ulm, Deutschland.
HNO. 2024 Sep;72(9):633-638. doi: 10.1007/s00106-024-01499-8. Epub 2024 Jul 20.
Diagnosis of allergic disease is primarily verified by IgE blood serum analysis. Determination in nasal secretions is technically more difficult, particularly due to a low specimen volume and the method of sample collection. Nasal secretions are frequently collected by lavage, which allows qualitative diagnostics, whereas swabs with defined amounts of mucus enable quantitative analyses. In the case of negative skin and serum tests, detection of IgE in nasal mucus combined with nasal provocation testing aids differentiation between local allergic and nonallergic rhinitis.
过敏性疾病的诊断主要通过IgE血清分析来验证。在鼻分泌物中进行检测在技术上更具难度,尤其是由于样本量少以及样本采集方法的原因。鼻分泌物通常通过灌洗收集,这适用于定性诊断,而带有一定量黏液的拭子则可用于定量分析。在皮肤和血清检测呈阴性的情况下,检测鼻黏液中的IgE并结合鼻激发试验有助于区分局部过敏性鼻炎和非过敏性鼻炎。