Department of Dentistry, Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Misan, Iraq.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
J Appl Genet. 2024 Dec;65(4):925-935. doi: 10.1007/s13353-024-00893-w. Epub 2024 Jul 20.
Klebsiella pneumoniae is the most important species of the Klebsiella genus and often causes hospital infections. These bacteria have a high resistance to most of the available drugs, which has caused concern all over the world. In this study, we investigated the antibiotic resistance profile and the ability to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) among K. pneumoniae isolates, and then we investigated the relationship between these two factors with biofilm formation and the prevalence of different virulence genes. In this study, 130 isolates of K. pneumoniae isolated from wounds were investigated. The antibiotic resistance of the isolates was evaluated by the disk diffusion method. The microtiter plate method was used to measure biofilm formation. The prevalence of virulence genes was detected by multiplex PCR. Among the examined isolates, 85.3% showed multidrug resistance. 87.6% of the isolates were ESBL-positive. Imipenem, meropenem, and fosfomycin were the most effective drugs. The ability of the isolates to produce biofilm was strong (80%), moderate (12.3%), and weak (7.6%), respectively. fimH, mrKD, entB, and tolC virulence genes were observed in all isolates. High prevalence of antibiotic resistance (especially multidrug resistance), high prevalence of ESBL-producing isolates, the ability of all isolates to biofilm formation, and the presence of fimH, mrKD, entB, and tolC virulence genes in all isolates show the importance of these factors in the pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae isolates in Iraq.
肺炎克雷伯菌是克雷伯氏菌属中最重要的物种，常引起医院感染。这些细菌对大多数现有药物具有高度耐药性，这引起了全世界的关注。在本研究中，我们调查了肺炎克雷伯菌分离株的抗生素耐药谱和产生超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）的能力，然后研究了这两个因素与生物膜形成和不同毒力基因流行之间的关系。在本研究中，调查了 130 株从伤口分离的肺炎克雷伯菌。通过圆盘扩散法评估分离株的抗生素耐药性。使用微量滴定板法测量生物膜形成。通过多重 PCR 检测毒力基因的流行情况。在所检查的分离株中，85.3%表现出多药耐药性。87.6%的分离株为 ESBL 阳性。亚胺培南、美罗培南和磷霉素是最有效的药物。分离株产生生物膜的能力分别为强（80%）、中（12.3%）和弱（7.6%）。所有分离株均观察到 fimH、mrKD、entB 和 tolC 毒力基因。高抗生素耐药率（尤其是多药耐药）、高产 ESBL 分离株的高流行率、所有分离株形成生物膜的能力以及 fimH、mrKD、entB 和 tolC 毒力基因在所有分离株中的存在表明这些因素在伊拉克肺炎克雷伯菌分离株的发病机制中很重要。
