体力活动参与与中年脑内淀粉样蛋白-β和tau 的关联。

Associations of Physical Activity Engagement with Cerebral Amyloid-β and Tau from Midlife.

机构信息

Department of Neurology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

出版信息

J Alzheimers Dis. 2024;100(3):935-943. doi: 10.3233/JAD-240322.

DOI:10.3233/JAD-240322

PMID:39031362

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Higher midlife physical activity engagement has been associated with lower dementia risk in late life. However, the underlying mechanisms contributing to the protective effect remain unclear.

OBJECTIVE

The goal of the current study was to evaluate the associations of physical activity with cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau in a predominately middle-aged community-based cohort, as well as to explore whether the associations differ by sex or age.

METHODS

Participants from the Framingham Heart Study underwent 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B amyloid and 18F-Flortaucipir tau positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Total physical activity levels were evaluated by self-report using the Physical Activity Index (PAI). Cross-sectional associations between total PAI with regional Aβ and tau PET retention were evaluated using linear regression models adjusted for demographic and cardiovascular risk factors. Interactions with sex and age group were examined and stratified analyses were performed when significant. FDR-correction for multiple comparisons was applied.

RESULTS

The sample included 354 participants (mean age 53±8 years, 51% female). Higher total PAI scores were associated with lower entorhinal cortex tau PET binding (β (SE) = -0.021(0.008), p = 0.049). There were significant interactions with sex. In men alone, total PAI inversely associated with entorhinal cortex (β (SE) = -0.035(0.009), p = 0.001), inferior temporal (β (SE) = -0.029(0.010), p = 0.012), and rhinal cortex tau(β (SE) = -0.033(0.010), p = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONS

The results suggest that higher midlife physical activity engagement may confer resistance to tau pathology. However, the effects may vary based on sex, highlighting the importance of better understanding and tailoring lifestyle interventions to address sex disparities.

摘要

背景

中年期较高的身体活动参与度与晚年较低的痴呆风险相关。然而，导致这种保护效应的潜在机制尚不清楚。

目的

本研究旨在评估身体活动与大脑淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）和 tau 在以中年人群为主的社区队列中的相关性，并探讨这些相关性是否因性别或年龄而异。

方法

来自弗雷明汉心脏研究的参与者接受了 11C-Pittsburgh 复合 B 淀粉样蛋白和 18F-Flortaucipir tau 正电子发射断层扫描（PET）成像。使用物理活动指数（PAI）通过自我报告评估总身体活动水平。使用线性回归模型，在调整人口统计学和心血管危险因素后，评估总 PAI 与区域性 Aβ 和 tau PET 保留之间的横断面相关性。当存在显著交互作用时，进行交互作用检验和分层分析。应用 FDR 校正进行多比较校正。

结果

该样本包括 354 名参与者（平均年龄 53±8 岁，51%为女性）。较高的总 PAI 得分与内嗅皮层 tau PET 结合率较低相关（β（SE）= -0.021（0.008），p=0.049）。存在与性别显著的交互作用。仅在男性中，总 PAI 与内嗅皮层（β（SE）= -0.035（0.009），p=0.001）、下颞叶（β（SE）= -0.029（0.010），p=0.012）和 rhinal 皮层 tau（β（SE）= -0.033（0.010），p=0.002）呈负相关。