Paolizzi Eleonora, Perzolli Silvia, Bentenuto Arianna, Bertamini Giulio, Venuti Paola
Laboratory of Observation, Diagnosis, and Education (ODFLab), Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy.
Laboratory of Observation, Diagnosis, and Education (ODFLab), Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, 38068 Rovereto, Italy; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Pitie-Salpetriere University Hospital, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2024 Aug;248:104411. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104411. Epub 2024 Jul 19.
Socio-communicative difficulties are a core symptom of autism that deeply impact interaction with others. Despite that, research on bidirectional caregiver-child interaction variables has been notably scant and predominantly focused on autistic children's interactive differences and the consequences on parenting behaviors.
The study aimed to assess parent-child interaction in the context of autism through observational validated instruments that consider qualitative and structural features in a complementary way to obtain a comprehensive characterization of the exchange within the dyad.
This study involved 56 paired parent-child dyads of 28 autistic children (mean age = 38.60 months, sd = 9.50) playing with their mothers and their fathers for 10 min. The video-recorded sessions were coded through the Emotional Availability Scales (EAS) and the Interpersonal Synchrony (IS) coding system.
Fathers and mothers do not show significant differences in ISexcept for mother widenings, which are more frequent and successful, and in Emotional Availability. Further, dyads present moderate levels of Emotional Availability, indicating that parents may struggle with structuring, sensitivity, and interactive abilities with their autistic children, which in turn present low levels of responsiveness and involvement. Further, we explored an association between IS and EA characteristics.
This study suggests the need for interventions to target interaction considering both caregivers, ultimately targeting both interaction structure and affect features. Research that includes fathers fosters strategies for individualization and treatment optimization.
社交沟通困难是自闭症的核心症状，会严重影响与他人的互动。尽管如此，关于双向照顾者 - 儿童互动变量的研究明显不足，且主要集中在自闭症儿童的互动差异及其对养育行为的影响上。
本研究旨在通过经过验证的观察工具评估自闭症背景下的亲子互动，这些工具以互补的方式考虑定性和结构特征，以全面描述二元组内的交流情况。
本研究涉及28名自闭症儿童（平均年龄 = 38.60个月，标准差 = 9.50）与其母亲和父亲组成的56对亲子二元组，他们进行了10分钟的互动游戏。视频记录的会话通过情感可用性量表（EAS）和人际同步（IS）编码系统进行编码。
父亲和母亲在人际同步方面没有显著差异，除了母亲的扩大动作更频繁且更成功，以及在情感可用性方面。此外，二元组的情感可用性处于中等水平，这表明父母在与自闭症孩子构建互动、保持敏感以及互动能力方面可能存在困难，而自闭症孩子相应地表现出低水平的反应性和参与度。此外，我们还探讨了人际同步和情感可用性特征之间的关联。
本研究表明需要针对照顾者双方的互动进行干预，最终目标是互动结构和情感特征。纳入父亲的研究有助于制定个性化和优化治疗的策略。
