Cayuela L, Pereyra-Rodríguez J J, Hernández-Rodríguez J C, Rodríguez Fernandez-Freire L, Cayuela A
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Severo Ochoa, Leganés, Spain.
Department of Medicine, University of Seville, Seville, Spain; Department of Dermatology, Virgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, Spain.
Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2025 Jan;116(1):47-54. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2024.06.008. Epub 2024 Jul 18.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of age, period, and cohort on the incidence of psoriasis in Spain from 1990 through 2019 using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database and age-period-cohort (A-P-C) analysis.
We conducted an ecological trend study to analyze the incidence rates of psoriasis in Spain from 1990 through 2019. Joinpoint Regression Program, Version 5.0.2 - May 2023; Surveillance Research Program, National Cancer Institute and National Cancer Institute A-P-C tools were used to identify trends and assess the effects of age, period, and cohort.
From 1990 through 2019, an estimated 2.99 million cases of psoriasis were diagnosed in Spain, with a mean annual increase of 0.49%. Significant decreases in age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) were reported for both sexes, with women consistently maintaining a slightly higher ASIR. Joinpoint analysis revealed multiple turning points in the downward trend, indicating periods of stabilization. A-P-C analysis demonstrated significant declines in both net (overall trend) and local drift (age-specific trends), indicating a broad decrease in the incidence of psoriasis across most age groups. While the risk of psoriasis increased with age, peaking in the 50-54 age group, it declined thereafter. Furthermore, the analysis revealed a continuous decline in risk from 1990 through 2019 for both sexes, with individuals born in the early 21st century exhibiting a significantly lower risk vs those born in the early 20th century.
This study observed a slight decline in the reported psoriasis ASIR in Spain, potentially due to reduced exposure to risk factors. However, limitations in data and the complexity of factors influencing the incidence of psoriasis require further research.
本研究旨在利用全球疾病负担（GBD）数据库和年龄-时期-队列（A-P-C）分析，调查1990年至2019年期间年龄、时期和队列对西班牙银屑病发病率的影响。
我们进行了一项生态趋势研究，以分析1990年至2019年西班牙银屑病的发病率。使用Joinpoint回归程序5.0.2版（2023年5月）；监测研究计划、美国国立癌症研究所和美国国立癌症研究所的A-P-C工具来确定趋势并评估年龄、时期和队列的影响。
1990年至2019年期间，西班牙估计有299万例银屑病病例被诊断，年平均增长率为0.49%。报告显示，男女年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）均显著下降，女性的ASIR一直略高。Joinpoint分析揭示了下降趋势中的多个转折点，表明存在稳定期。A-P-C分析表明，净趋势（总体趋势）和局部漂移（特定年龄趋势）均显著下降，表明大多数年龄组的银屑病发病率普遍下降。虽然银屑病的风险随年龄增加而增加，在50-54岁年龄组达到峰值，但此后有所下降。此外，分析显示，1990年至2019年期间，男女的风险持续下降，21世纪初出生的个体与20世纪初出生的个体相比，风险显著降低。
本研究观察到西班牙报告的银屑病ASIR略有下降，可能是由于接触风险因素减少。然而，数据的局限性以及影响银屑病发病率的因素的复杂性需要进一步研究。
