Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kirklareli University, Kırklareli 39000, Turkiye.
Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul 34210, Turkiye.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Sep;276(Pt 2):134007. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134007. Epub 2024 Jul 19.
Fruit and vegetables are a great source of nutrients and have numerous health benefits. The fruit and vegetable industry produces enormous amounts of waste such as peels, seeds, and stems. The amount of this waste production has increased, causing economic and environmental problems. Fruit and vegetable wastes (FVWs) have the potential to be recovered and used to produce high-value goods. Furthermore, FVWs have a large variety and quantity of polysaccharides, which makes them interesting to study for potential industrial use. Currently, the investigations on extracting polysaccharides from FVWs and examining how they affect human health are increasing. The present review focuses on polysaccharides from FVWs such as starch, pectin, cellulose, and inulin, and their various biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial. Additionally, applications as packaging material, gelling agent, emulsifier, prebiotic, and fat replacer of polysaccharides from FVWs in the food industry have been viewed in detail. As a result, FVWs can be reused as the source of polysaccharides, reducing environmental pollution and enabling sustainable green development. Further investigation of the biological activities of polysaccharides from FVWs on human health is of great importance for using these polysaccharides in food applications.
水果和蔬菜是营养的重要来源，对健康有很多益处。水果和蔬菜产业会产生大量的废物，如果皮、种子和茎。这些废物的产生量增加了，造成了经济和环境问题。水果和蔬菜废物（FVWs）有被回收和用于生产高价值产品的潜力。此外，FVWs 具有大量的、不同种类的多糖，这使得它们在潜在的工业用途方面很有趣。目前，从 FVWs 中提取多糖并研究其对人类健康的影响的研究正在增加。本综述重点介绍了来自 FVWs 的多糖，如淀粉、果胶、纤维素和菊粉，以及它们的各种生物活性，如抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗糖尿病、抗氧化和抗菌。此外，FVWs 中的多糖在食品工业中的包装材料、胶凝剂、乳化剂、益生元和脂肪替代品的应用也得到了详细的研究。因此，FVWs 可以被重新用作多糖的来源，减少环境污染，实现可持续的绿色发展。进一步研究 FVWs 多糖对人类健康的生物活性，对于将这些多糖应用于食品具有重要意义。
