Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
Cancer Lett. 2024 Aug 28;598:217123. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.217123. Epub 2024 Jul 20.
Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapeutic antibodies, have markedly enhanced survival across numerous cancer types. However, the limited number of patients with durable benefits creates an urgent need to identify response biomarkers and to develop novel strategies so as to improve response. It is widely recognized that the gut microbiome is a key mediator in shaping immunity. Additionally, the gut microbiome shows significant potential in predicting the response to and enhancing the efficacy of ICI immunotherapy against cancer. Recent studies encompassing mechanistic analyses and clinical trials of microbiome-based therapy have shown a cause-and-effect relationship between the gut microbiome and the modulation of the ICI immunotherapeutic response, greatly contributing to the establishment of novel strategies that will improve response and overcome resistance to ICI treatment. In this review, we outline the current state of research advances and discuss the future directions of utilizing the gut microbiome to enhance the efficacy of ICI immunotherapy against tumors.
免疫检查点抑制剂（ICIs），包括抗 PD-1/PD-L1 治疗性抗体，已显著提高了多种癌症类型的生存率。然而，只有少数患者能从中获得持久的获益，这就迫切需要识别反应生物标志物，并开发新的策略，以提高反应率。人们普遍认识到，肠道微生物组是塑造免疫的关键介质。此外，肠道微生物组在预测对癌症的免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）免疫治疗的反应和提高疗效方面具有显著的潜力。最近的研究包括对基于微生物组的治疗的机制分析和临床试验，已经证明了肠道微生物组与调节 ICI 免疫治疗反应之间存在因果关系，这极大地促进了建立新的策略，以提高反应率并克服对 ICI 治疗的耐药性。在这篇综述中，我们概述了目前的研究进展，并讨论了利用肠道微生物组来提高 ICI 免疫疗法对肿瘤疗效的未来方向。
