Biostatistics and Medical Informatics Research Group, Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Diabet Med. 2024 Oct;41(10):e15415. doi: 10.1111/dme.15415. Epub 2024 Jul 21.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterised by insulin deficiency. Due to perceived physical activity (PA)-related hypoglycaemia, a minority of people with T1DM exercise regularly. However, the relationship between T1DM and PA remains poorly understood. Our aim was to summarise the existing literature on the effects of PA on short-term glucose control (glycated haemoglobin or time in range) in people with T1DM.
We searched seven electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, Cinahl, SPORTDiscus, PEDro and Web Of Science) and two sources of the grey literature (ClinicalTrials.gov and ICTRP). All reviews were screened via title/abstract and full text by two independent reviewers (LE and HT), conflicts were solved by a third independent reviewer (DDC). We excluded animal studies, case reports, non-English articles, qualitative studies, conference abstracts and articles without full-text access. A meta-analysis using random effects model was performed to study the effect of PA on haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in people with T1DM.
We obtained 19,201 unique references across nine different electronic databases. After screening and snowballing, 68 articles were found investigating the effect of PA on glycaemic control in people with T1DM. Overall, HbA1c levels in the PA group (mean difference = 0.29% (0.20%-0.39%)), were lower compared with the control group.
An overall small beneficial effect of PA on glycaemic control in people with T1DM was found. Caution is advised when interpreting the results of this meta-analysis, given variations in study type, duration, frequency and intensity of physical activity across included studies.
1 型糖尿病（T1DM）的特征是胰岛素缺乏。由于人们认为与体力活动（PA）相关的低血糖，少数 T1DM 患者会定期进行运动。然而，T1DM 与 PA 之间的关系仍知之甚少。我们的目的是总结现有的关于 PA 对 T1DM 患者短期血糖控制（糖化血红蛋白或血糖达标时间）影响的文献。
我们检索了 7 个电子数据库（PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆、Cinahl、SPORTDiscus、PEDro 和 Web Of Science）和 2 个灰色文献来源（ClinicalTrials.gov 和 ICTRP）。两名独立评审员（LE 和 HT）通过标题/摘要和全文筛选所有综述，通过第三名独立评审员（DDC）解决冲突。我们排除了动物研究、病例报告、非英语文章、定性研究、会议摘要和无法获取全文的文章。使用随机效应模型进行 meta 分析，以研究 PA 对 T1DM 患者血红蛋白 A1c（HbA1c）水平的影响。
我们从 9 个不同的电子数据库中获得了 19201 个独特的参考文献。经过筛选和滚雪球，发现了 68 篇文章研究了 PA 对 T1DM 患者血糖控制的影响。总体而言，PA 组的 HbA1c 水平（平均差异=0.29%（0.20%-0.39%））低于对照组。
我们发现 PA 对 T1DM 患者血糖控制有整体的轻微有益影响。考虑到纳入研究中研究类型、持续时间、PA 频率和强度的差异，在解释此 meta 分析的结果时需谨慎。
