Malaria Genomics Research and Training Centre, Biochemistry and Nutrition Division, Nigerian Institute of Medical Research, Yaba, Nigeria.
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Eko University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ojo, Nigeria.
Ann Afr Med. 2024 Jul 1;23(3):379-384. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_209_23. Epub 2024 Jun 8.
Understanding the impact of malnutrition on innate immune response in Plasmodium falciparum (Pf)-infected subjects is critical for malaria control.
This study aims to investigate the nutritional status and innate immune response of Pf-infected subjects in Lagos, Nigeria.
A total of 1183 patients with a history of fever or axillary temperature ≥37°C were screened microscopically for Pf at Ijede General Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria. Malnutrition was determined according to the U.S National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) as stunting, wasting, or underweight when the Z-score is <-2 in the participants aged <20 years. Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-12 were determined by capture ELISA while hematological parameters were measured using an automated hematology system.
A total of 384 volunteers were positive for Pf, of which 114 were <20 years with a median age of 10 years. Overall malaria prevalence was 20.89%. The malnutrition rate was 89.5%; 24 (21.05%) were stunted, 30 (26.32%) were underweight, and 48 (42.11%) were wasted. Pro-inflammatory cytokine responses were not affected by the type of malaria. TNF-α was higher in participants <5 years (P = 0.001) and in malnourished patients (P < 0.05).
Together, it could be deduced that nutritional status influences Plasmodium falciparum malaria outcomes and progression pattern.
了解营养不良对恶性疟原虫（Pf）感染宿主固有免疫反应的影响，对于疟疾控制至关重要。
本研究旨在调查尼日利亚拉各斯 Pf 感染患者的营养状况和固有免疫反应。
在尼日利亚拉各斯的 Ijede 综合医院，对 1183 例有发热或腋温≥37°C 病史的患者进行 Pf 镜检筛查。根据美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）的标准，将参与者年龄<20 岁时 Z 评分<-2 的发育迟缓、消瘦或体重不足定义为营养不良。采用捕获 ELISA 法测定肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-1β（IL-1β）和 IL-12 的血清水平，采用自动血液学系统测定血液学参数。
共有 384 名志愿者 Pf 阳性，其中 114 名<20 岁，中位年龄为 10 岁。总疟疾患病率为 20.89%。营养不良率为 89.5%；24 名（21.05%）发育迟缓，30 名（26.32%）体重不足，48 名（42.11%）消瘦。促炎细胞因子反应不受疟疾类型的影响。<5 岁组（P=0.001）和营养不良组（P<0.05）TNF-α较高。
综上所述，可以推断出营养状况影响恶性疟原虫疟疾的结局和进展模式。
