Department of General Medicine, Noida International Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Department of Medicine, Uttar Pradesh University of Medical Sciences, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Ann Afr Med. 2024 Jul 1;23(3):400-405. doi: 10.4103/aam.aam_198_23. Epub 2024 Jun 8.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder with significant nonmotor symptom (NMS) burden, including impulse control disorders. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate NMS and impulse control disorders in PD patients under primary care.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 PD patients and evaluated using standardized assessment tools. Demographics, comorbidities, and symptom burdens were recorded. Evaluation tools included the Hoehn and Yahr Scale, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder assessment, Geriatric Depression Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale for cognitive impairment, NMS scale, and identification of impulse control disorders.
In PD, comorbidities were prevalent (84%), and most were at Hoehn and Yahr Stages 2 and 3. REM Sleep Behavior Disorder was present in 28.12%, with 5 receiving clonazepam treatment. Depression affected 28.12%, with 5 receiving pharmacological treatment. Cognitive impairment was notable in 9 patients. NMS burden was high, with varying severity. Impulse control disorders were limited, whereas one case of dopamine dysregulation syndrome was identified.
This primary care-based study in India assessed NMS and impulse control disorders in PD patients, highlighting comorbidities and management opportunities. The study's strength lies in evaluating an unselected primary care population, whereas limitations include small sample size.
This study emphasizes the importance of primary care physicians in monitoring and managing NMS in PD patients. Impulse control disorders and cognitive impairment are critical aspects that need attention. The findings support an integrated approach involving health-care professionals across various disciplines to provide holistic care for PD patients.
帕金森病（PD）是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，具有显著的非运动症状（NMS）负担，包括冲动控制障碍。本研究旨在全面评估初级保健下 PD 患者的 NMS 和冲动控制障碍。
对 32 名 PD 患者进行了描述性横断面研究，并使用标准化评估工具进行评估。记录了人口统计学、合并症和症状负担。评估工具包括 Hoehn 和 Yahr 量表、快速眼动睡眠行为障碍评估、老年抑郁量表、蒙特利尔认知评估量表评估认知障碍、NMS 量表和冲动控制障碍的识别。
在 PD 中，合并症很常见（84%），大多数处于 Hoehn 和 Yahr 分期 2 和 3。28.12%存在 REM 睡眠行为障碍，其中 5 例接受氯硝西泮治疗。28.12%存在抑郁，其中 5 例接受药物治疗。9 例存在认知障碍。NMS 负担很重，严重程度不一。冲动控制障碍有限，而发现 1 例多巴胺失调综合征。
这项在印度进行的基于初级保健的研究评估了 PD 患者的 NMS 和冲动控制障碍，强调了合并症和管理机会。该研究的优势在于评估未选择的初级保健人群，而局限性在于样本量小。
本研究强调了初级保健医生在监测和管理 PD 患者 NMS 方面的重要性。冲动控制障碍和认知障碍是需要关注的关键方面。研究结果支持涉及不同学科的医疗保健专业人员的综合方法，为 PD 患者提供全面的护理。
