Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmoe University, Malmö, Sweden.
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2024 Aug;10(4):e939. doi: 10.1002/cre2.939.
The primary aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the association between prosthesis design and peri-implant mucosa dimensions and morphology. The secondary aim was to investigate associations between mucosal dimensions and the presence of mucositis.
Forty-seven patients with 103 posterior bone level implants underwent clinical and radiographic examination, including cone beam computer tomography and intraoral optical scanning. Three-dimensional models for each implant and peri-implant mucosa were constructed. Vertical mucosa height (TH), horizontal mucosa width at implant platform (TW), and 1.5 mm coronal of the platform (TW1.5), as well as mucosal emergence angle (MEA), deep angle (DA), and total contour angle (TA) were measured at six sites for each implant.
There was a consistent correlation between peri-implant mucosa width and height (β = 0.217, p < 0.001), with the width consistently surpassing height by a factor of 1.4-2.1. All three angles (MEA, DA, TA) were negatively associated with mucosa height (p < 0.001), while DA was negatively associated with mucosa width (TW1.5) (p < 0.001, β = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.03, -0.01). There was a significant negative association between bleeding on probing (BoP) and mucosa width at platform (OR 0.903, 95% CI: 0.818-0.997, p = 0.043) and 1.5 coronal (OR 0.877, 95% CI: 0.778-0.989, p = 0.033). Implants with less than half sites positive for BoP (0-2/6) had significantly higher mucosa height (OR 3.51, 95% CI: 1.72-7.14, p = 0.001).
Prosthesis design can influence the dimensions of the peri-implant mucosa, with wider emergence profile angles associated with reduced peri-implant mucosa height. In particular, a wider deep angle is associated with reduced mucosa width in posterior sites. Reduced peri-implant mucosa height and width are associated with more signs of inflammation.
Registered in Thai Clinical Trials Registry: http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20220204002.
本横断面研究的主要目的是探究种植体设计与种植体周围黏膜维度和形态之间的关系。次要目的是探究黏膜维度与黏膜炎之间的关系。
47 名患者的 103 个后牙区骨水平种植体接受了临床和影像学检查，包括锥形束 CT 和口腔内光学扫描。为每个种植体和种植体周围黏膜构建了三维模型。在每个种植体的六个部位测量了垂直黏膜高度（TH）、种植体平台水平的水平黏膜宽度（TW）和平台 1.5mm 处的水平黏膜宽度（TW1.5）、黏膜突出角（MEA）、深角（DA）和总轮廓角（TA）。
种植体周围黏膜宽度和高度之间存在一致的相关性（β=0.217，p<0.001），宽度始终比高度大 1.4-2.1 倍。所有三个角度（MEA、DA、TA）均与黏膜高度呈负相关（p<0.001），而 DA 与黏膜宽度（TW1.5）呈负相关（p<0.001，β=-0.02，95%CI：-0.03，-0.01）。探诊出血（BoP）与平台处黏膜宽度（OR 0.903，95%CI：0.818-0.997，p=0.043）和 1.5 冠向黏膜宽度（OR 0.877，95%CI：0.778-0.989，p=0.033）呈显著负相关。BoP 少于一半（0-2/6）阳性的种植体部位黏膜高度显著更高（OR 3.51，95%CI：1.72-7.14，p=0.001）。
种植体设计会影响种植体周围黏膜的维度，较宽的突出轮廓角度与种植体周围黏膜高度降低有关。特别是，后牙区较深的角度减小与黏膜宽度减小有关。种植体周围黏膜高度和宽度降低与更多炎症迹象有关。
泰国临床试验注册中心注册：http://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/show/TCTR20220204002。
