Kavoussi Parviz K, Gherabi Nazim, Saleh Ramadan
Department of Reproductive Urology, Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX 78746, USA.
Department of Medicine, Algiers 1 University, Algiers 16000, Algeria.
Asian J Androl. 2025 May 1;27(3):365-369. doi: 10.4103/aja202436. Epub 2024 Jul 23.
Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is the most challenging and complex clinical scenario for infertile men. Besides circumstances such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, surgical sperm retrieval is typically necessary, and microdissection testicular sperm extraction (micro-TESE) is the procedure of choice for men with NOA desiring to father children with their own gametes. Micro-TESE results in the highest numbers of sperm cells retrieved for use with in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in comparison to all other techniques for surgical sperm retrieval in men with NOA. Several factors may affect sperm retrieval rate and ICSI outcomes, including the patient's age, testicular volume, histopathological and genetic profile, and serum hormone levels. This article aims to review the medical literature describing predictors of successful micro-TESE and the outcomes of ICSI in men with NOA.
非梗阻性无精子症（NOA）对于不育男性而言是最具挑战性和复杂性的临床情况。除了诸如低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退等情况外，通常需要进行手术取精，而显微切割睾丸精子提取术（micro-TESE）是希望用自身配子生育子女的NOA男性的首选手术。与用于NOA男性手术取精的所有其他技术相比，micro-TESE获取的用于体外受精/卵胞浆内单精子注射（ICSI）的精子细胞数量最多。几个因素可能会影响精子获取率和ICSI结局，包括患者年龄、睾丸体积、组织病理学和基因特征以及血清激素水平。本文旨在综述描述NOA男性micro-TESE成功预测因素及ICSI结局的医学文献。
