Department of Bioscience and Technology for Food Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100, Teramo, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126, Perugia, Italy.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 23;14(1):16886. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-67993-9.
Poultry meat-production is increasing worldwide; leading to the selection of chickens for meat-production that show a fast growth. A label-free quantitative proteomic-approach and Western-blot were applied to investigate the dynamics of muscle protein under rapid growth conditions in two common fast-growing broiler genetic-lines (Ross 508 and AZ Extra Heavy Red-chicken). Muscle exudate from chicken Pectoralis major was used as substrate to unveil the proteome of these genetic-lines. Six-hundred forty-five proteins were identified in total from all samples, and after statistical-analysis 172 proteins were found to be differentially-expressed, clearly distinguishing the two chicken genetic-lines. Several of these differentially-expressed proteins were involved with the proteasome and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis-pathways. Changes in meat-quality traits were also observed, which were reflected in the proteomic-profile. Proteins involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome system were associated with the bigger muscle mass of Ross 508, while phosphoglucomutase 1 was associated with a possible higher capability of AZ Extra Heavy Red-chickens to cope with stressors. This pilot proteomic-approach applied on muscle exudate samples provided key evidence about the pathways and processes underlying these two chicken genetic-lines and their meat-quality parameters. We also identified potential biomarkers that could determine the peculiar production potentials (e.g. breast-growth) of these broilers-lines, which arise from differences in their genetic-backgrounds.
家禽肉产量在全球范围内不断增加；这导致了对用于肉类生产的鸡的选择，这些鸡表现出快速生长的特点。本研究应用无标记定量蛋白质组学方法和 Western blot 技术，研究了两种常见的快速生长肉鸡（罗斯 508 和 AZ 特重红鸡）在快速生长条件下肌肉蛋白质的动态变化。使用鸡胸肌渗出液作为底物来揭示这些遗传系的蛋白质组。从所有样品中共鉴定出 645 种蛋白质，经过统计分析，发现 172 种蛋白质表达差异，这两种鸡遗传系差异明显。其中一些差异表达的蛋白质与蛋白酶体和糖酵解/糖异生途径有关。还观察到肉质特性的变化，这反映在蛋白质组图谱中。参与泛素蛋白酶体系统的蛋白质与罗斯 508 更大的肌肉质量有关，而磷酸葡糖变位酶 1 可能与 AZ 特重红鸡应对应激的能力更高有关。本研究应用于肌肉渗出液样本的蛋白质组学方法为这两种鸡遗传系及其肉质参数的潜在途径和过程提供了关键证据。我们还鉴定了一些潜在的生物标志物，这些标志物可能决定了这些肉鸡系的特殊生产潜力（例如乳房生长），这源于它们遗传背景的差异。
