Cho Elizabeth, McCarthy Mary V, Hodkiewicz Victoria, Rumps Mia V, Mulcahey Mary K
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois.
Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University of Chicago, Maywood, Illinois.
JB JS Open Access. 2024 Jul 23;9(3). doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.24.00061. eCollection 2024 Jul-Sep.
Gender disparity remains pervasive in orthopaedic surgery, which affects the research pursuits of orthopaedic surgeons. The purpose of this study was to characterize gender-related authorship trends of orthopaedic surgery residents, including evaluation of gender-concordant publication rates.
An observational cross-sectional analysis of US orthopaedic surgery residency programs was performed. Information on residency programs and demographics of each cohort was collected. Publication metrics consisting of number of first and non-first author publications and H-indices were manually obtained for PGY-3 to PGY-5 residents attending the 25 programs ranked the highest for research output by Doximity. Gender of each resident and senior author was determined from institutional websites using photos, biographies, and preferred pronouns when available.
A total of 532 residents, 169 (31.8%) female and 363 (68.2%) male, were included for authorship analysis. Of them, 415 (78%) had at least one first author publication, which did not vary significantly by gender. Female residents had disproportionately fewer first author publications compared with their representation (22% vs. 31.8%, p < 0.00001). Female residents averaged fewer first and non-first author publications compared with male residents (2.8 vs. 4.6, p = 0.0003; 6.4 vs. 10, p = 0.0001 respectively). Despite fewer publications overall, a greater subset of publications by female residents were written in collaboration with a female senior author compared with publications by male residents (p < 0.0001). Male residents had a higher average H-index of 5.4 vs. 3.9 among female residents (p = 0.00007).
Despite similar rates of first author publication among male and female residents, female residents had fewer publications overall, lower H-indices, and disproportionately fewer first author publications than would be expected given their representation. Findings from this study suggest that gender disparity in orthopaedic surgery extends to differences in research productivity as early as in residency. This may have negative implications on the career advancement of female orthopaedic surgeons. Additional work is needed to identify and understand biases in research productivity and career advancement, to promote more equitable strategies for academic achievement.
IV.
骨科手术中的性别差异仍然普遍存在，这影响了骨科医生的研究工作。本研究的目的是描述骨科住院医师与性别相关的作者身份趋势，包括评估性别一致的发表率。
对美国骨科住院医师培训项目进行观察性横断面分析。收集了住院医师培训项目和每个队列的人口统计学信息。手动获取了在Doximity研究产出排名最高的25个项目中PGY-3至PGY-5住院医师的发表指标，包括第一作者和非第一作者发表数量以及H指数。通过机构网站上的照片、个人简介以及如有可用的首选代词来确定每位住院医师和资深作者的性别。
共有532名住院医师纳入作者身份分析，其中女性169名（31.8%），男性363名（68.2%）。其中，415名（78%）至少有一篇第一作者发表的文章，且按性别无显著差异。与女性住院医师的占比相比，她们的第一作者发表文章数量不成比例地少（22%对31.8%，p<0.00001）。与男性住院医师相比，女性住院医师的第一作者和非第一作者发表文章的平均数量更少（分别为2.8对4.6，p=0.0003；6.4对10，p=0.0001）。尽管总体发表文章较少，但与男性住院医师的发表文章相比，女性住院医师与女性资深作者合作撰写的发表文章子集更大（p<0.0001）。男性住院医师的平均H指数较高，为5.4，而女性住院医师为3.9（p=0.00007）。
尽管男性和女性住院医师的第一作者发表率相似，但女性住院医师总体发表文章较少，H指数较低，且第一作者发表文章数量与预期占比相比不成比例地少。本研究结果表明，骨科手术中的性别差异早在住院医师阶段就延伸到研究生产力的差异。这可能对女性骨科医生的职业发展产生负面影响。需要开展更多工作来识别和理解研究生产力和职业发展中的偏见，以促进更公平的学术成就策略。
IV级。
