Julian Kaitlyn R, Anand Malini, Sobel Andrew D, Mulcahey Mary K, Wong Stephanie E
School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.
School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
JB JS Open Access. 2023 Mar 7;8(1). doi: 10.2106/JBJS.OA.22.00116. eCollection 2023 Jan-Mar.
Female physicians have been historically underrepresented in orthopaedic surgery residencies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether sex diversity among orthopaedic residency programs and faculty is associated with an increased number of female residents matriculating into that program. In addition, we sought to analyze female resident matriculation trends in the past 5 years.
The American Medical Association Fellowship and Residency Electronic Interactive Database was used to identify all allopathic orthopaedic surgery residency programs during the 2021 to 2022 academic year. The number of female residents and interns; the number of female faculty, professors, and associate professors; and the number of women in leadership positions were compared with data from the academic year 2016 to 2017. Continuous data were analyzed with independent t-tests, and significance was set at p < 0.05.
A total of 696 female residents (19.2%) were identified from 3,624 orthopaedic residents, an increase from 13.5% in 2016. Programs in the top quartile of female residents had 3 times the number of female residents per program when compared to other quartiles and almost double the number of female interns per program. Programs in the top quartile of female residents had a significantly greater number of female faculty per program than the lower quartiles; 5.76 vs. 4.18. Compared with 2016 to 2017, there were significant increases in female faculty per program from 2.77 to 4.54 along with female full professors from 0.274 to 0.694. These increases contribute to the overall growth in the number of women in leadership positions per program over the past 5 years to 1.01 from 0.35 (p < 0.001).
In the past 5 years, the percentage of female residents has increased from 13.5% to 19.2%. Furthermore, women make up 22.1% of interns. Orthopaedic surgery residency programs with higher percentages of female faculty had higher numbers of female residents. By encouraging programs to promote female representation within leadership and residents, we may continue to see the gap in orthopaedic sex diversity close.
III.
从历史上看，女性医生在骨科手术住院医师项目中的占比一直较低。本研究的目的是确定骨科住院医师项目和教职员工中的性别多样性是否与进入该项目的女性住院医师人数增加有关。此外，我们试图分析过去5年女性住院医师的录取趋势。
使用美国医学协会奖学金和住院医师电子互动数据库来识别2021至2022学年所有的正统骨科手术住院医师项目。将女性住院医师和实习生的数量、女性教职员工、教授和副教授的数量以及担任领导职务的女性数量与2016至2017学年的数据进行比较。连续数据采用独立t检验进行分析，显著性设定为p < 0.05。
在3624名骨科住院医师中，共识别出696名女性住院医师（占19.2%），高于2016年的13.5%。女性住院医师处于前四分位的项目，每个项目的女性住院医师数量是其他四分位项目的3倍，每个项目的女性实习生数量几乎是其他项目的两倍。女性住院医师处于前四分位的项目，每个项目的女性教职员工数量明显多于较低四分位的项目；分别为5.76人和4.18人。与2016至2017年相比，每个项目的女性教职员工数量从2.77人显著增加到4.54人，女性正教授数量从0.274人增加到0.694人。这些增长促使过去5年每个项目担任领导职务的女性人数从0.35人总体增加到1.01人（p < 0.001）。
在过去5年中，女性住院医师的比例从13.5%增加到了19.2%。此外，女性实习生占22.1%。女性教职员工比例较高的骨科手术住院医师项目，女性住院医师数量也较多。通过鼓励各项目在领导层和住院医师中提高女性的代表性，我们可能会继续看到骨科性别多样性差距缩小。
III级。
