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年龄、性别以及句法单元的复杂性在语音情感感知中的作用。

The role of the age and gender, and the complexity of the syntactic unit in the perception of affective emotions in voice.

机构信息

Voice and Speech Research Laboratory, Riga Technical University Liepaja Academy - RTU LA - Liepaja, Latvia.

出版信息

Codas. 2024 Jul 19;36(5):e20240009. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20242024009en. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.1590/2317-1782/20242024009en
PMID:39046026
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11340876/
Abstract

PURPOSE

The study aimed to identify (1) whether the age and gender of listeners and the length of vocal stimuli affect emotion discrimination accuracy in voice; and (2) whether the determined level of expression of perceived affective emotions is age and gender-dependent.

METHODS

Thirty-two age-matched listeners listened to 270 semantically neutral voice samples produced in neutral, happy, and angry intonation by ten professional actors. The participants were required to categorize the auditory stimulus based on three options and judge the intensity of emotional expression in the sample using a customized tablet web interface.

RESULTS

The discrimination accuracy of happy and angry emotions decreased with age, while accuracy in discriminating neutral emotions increased with age. Females rated the intensity level of perceived affective emotions higher than males across all linguistic units. These were: for angry emotions in words (z = -3.599, p < .001), phrases (z = -3.218, p = .001), and texts (z = -2.272, p = .023), for happy emotions in words (z = -5.799, p < .001), phrases (z = -4.706, p < .001), and texts (z = -2.699, p = .007).

CONCLUSION

Accuracy in perceiving vocal expressions of emotions varies according to age and gender. Young adults are better at distinguishing happy and angry emotions than middle-aged adults, while middle-aged adults tend to categorize perceived affective emotions as neutral. Gender also plays a role, with females rating expressions of affective emotions in voices higher than males. Additionally, the length of voice stimuli impacts emotion discrimination accuracy.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在确定（1）听众的年龄和性别以及语音刺激的时长是否会影响声音中的情绪辨别准确性；（2）感知情感的表达水平是否取决于年龄和性别。

方法

32 名年龄匹配的听众听取了由 10 位专业演员用中性、高兴和生气语调发出的 270 个语义中性的语音样本。参与者需要根据三个选项对听觉刺激进行分类，并使用定制的平板电脑网络界面判断样本中情感表达的强度。

结果

高兴和生气情绪的辨别准确率随年龄增长而降低，而辨别中性情绪的准确率随年龄增长而提高。女性对感知情感的强度等级的评价高于男性，所有语言单位均如此：在单词（z = -3.599，p <.001）、短语（z = -3.218，p =.001）和文本（z = -2.272，p =.023）中，愤怒情绪；在单词（z = -5.799，p <.001）、短语（z = -4.706，p <.001）和文本（z = -2.699，p =.007）中，高兴情绪。

结论

感知声音中情感表达的准确性因年龄和性别而异。年轻人比中年人更善于区分高兴和生气的情绪，而中年人则倾向于将感知的情感归类为中性。性别也起着作用，女性对声音中情感表达的评价高于男性。此外，语音刺激的长度也会影响情绪辨别准确性。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/46f28e0501b6/codas-36-5-e20240009-g04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/82cd6791d318/codas-36-5-e20240009-g01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/0c84612522da/codas-36-5-e20240009-g02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/910a70ba4c7a/codas-36-5-e20240009-g03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/46f28e0501b6/codas-36-5-e20240009-g04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/82cd6791d318/codas-36-5-e20240009-g01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/0c84612522da/codas-36-5-e20240009-g02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/910a70ba4c7a/codas-36-5-e20240009-g03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/7bf5/11340876/46f28e0501b6/codas-36-5-e20240009-g04.jpg

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