Oaki Yuya, Fujii Syuji
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan.
Chem Commun (Camb). 2024 Aug 22;60(69):9163-9176. doi: 10.1039/d4cc02827a.
Responsiveness to stimuli is important in daily life: natural biological activity is governed by continuous stimulus responsiveness. The design of stimuli-responsive materials is required for the development of advanced sensing systems. Although fully controlled stimuli-responsive systems have been constructed in nature, artificial systems remain a challenge. Conventional stimuli-responsive materials show direct responsiveness to an applied stimulus (Stimulus 1), with structural changes in their molecules and organized states. This feature article focuses on cascading responses as a new concept for integrating stimuli-responsive material design. In cascading responses, an original stimulus (Stimulus 1) is converted into other stimuli (Stimulus 2, 3, …, ) through successive conversions. Stimulus provides the eventual output response. Integration of multiple stimuli-responsive materials is required to achieve cascading responses. Although cascade, domino, and tandem chemical reactions have been reported at the molecular level, they are not used for materials with higher organized structures. In this article, we introduce functional carriers and sensors based on cascading responses as model cases. The concept of cascading responses enables the achievement of transscale responsivity and sensitivity, which are not directly induced by the original stimulus or its responsive material, for the development of advanced dynamic functional materials.
自然生物活动受持续的刺激响应性支配。先进传感系统的发展需要刺激响应材料的设计。尽管自然界中已经构建了完全可控的刺激响应系统，但人工系统仍然是一个挑战。传统的刺激响应材料对施加的刺激（刺激1）表现出直接响应，其分子和有序状态会发生结构变化。这篇专题文章重点介绍级联响应，这是一种整合刺激响应材料设计的新概念。在级联响应中，原始刺激（刺激1）通过连续转换转化为其他刺激（刺激2、3、…）。刺激提供最终的输出响应。实现级联响应需要整合多种刺激响应材料。尽管在分子水平上已经报道了级联、多米诺和串联化学反应，但它们并未用于具有更高组织结构的材料。在本文中，我们介绍基于级联响应的功能载体和传感器作为模型案例。级联响应的概念能够实现跨尺度响应性和灵敏度，这不是由原始刺激或其响应材料直接诱导的，有助于开发先进的动态功能材料。
