Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology, Good Samaritan Hospital, San Jose, CA, USA.
Anesthesiol Clin. 2024 Sep;42(3):473-490. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2024.01.002. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
Some practices require mandatory preoperative laboratory testing for select patients presenting for anesthesia and surgery. Such mandatory preanesthesia laboratory testing has significant ethical implications related to informed consent and patient autonomy. Assumptions that a patient provides "presumed consent" by merely presenting for a test are flawed because such consents are often not informed and do not acknowledge patient autonomy. By placing a condition on access to a medical treatment, mandatory preanesthesia testing may not be ethically justifiable. Not all laboratory tests are "ethically equal"; several raise specific questions regarding informed consent, related to their potential to cause significant harm.
某些做法要求对某些接受麻醉和手术的患者进行强制性术前实验室检查。这种强制性的术前实验室检查与知情同意和患者自主权有关，具有重大的伦理意义。假设患者仅因接受检查而提供“假定同意”，这种假设是有缺陷的，因为这种同意往往没有得到通知，也没有承认患者的自主权。通过对获得医疗的条件进行限制，强制性的术前检查在伦理上可能是不合理的。并非所有实验室检查都是“在伦理上平等的”；其中一些检查涉及到知情同意方面的具体问题，因为它们有可能造成严重的伤害。
