Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
Neurotherapeutics. 2024 Oct;21(6):e00425. doi: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00425. Epub 2024 Jul 25.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and is the most common cause of dementia. AD is characterized pathologically by proteinaceous aggregates composed of amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau as well as progressive neurodegeneration. Concurrently with the buildup of protein aggregates, a strong neuroinflammatory response, in the form of reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis, occurs in the AD brain. It has recently been shown that the gut microbiome (GMB), composed of trillions of bacteria in the human intestine, can regulate both reactive astrocytosis and microgliosis in the context of both amyloidosis and tauopathy. Many studies have implicated microglia in these processes. However, growing evidence suggests that interactions between the GMB and astrocytes have a much larger role than previously thought. In this review, we summarize evidence regarding the gut microbiome in the control of reactive astrocytosis in AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的神经退行性疾病，也是痴呆症最常见的病因。AD 在病理学上的特征是由淀粉样蛋白β（Aβ）和tau 组成的蛋白聚集物以及进行性神经退行性变。随着蛋白聚集物的积累，AD 大脑中会发生强烈的神经炎症反应，表现为反应性星形胶质细胞增生和小胶质细胞增生。最近的研究表明，肠道微生物组（GMB）由人类肠道中的数万亿细菌组成，可以调节淀粉样蛋白病和tau 病中的反应性星形胶质细胞增生和小胶质细胞增生。许多研究都表明小胶质细胞在这些过程中起作用。然而，越来越多的证据表明，肠道微生物组与星形胶质细胞之间的相互作用比以前认为的要大得多。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于肠道微生物组在 AD 中控制反应性星形胶质细胞增生的证据。
