Sustainable Impact Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Dhaka, 1213, Bangladesh.
Department of Agricultural and Applied Statistics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh.
Sci Rep. 2024 Jul 25;14(1):17128. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-68327-5.
The gig economy (temporary, contract, and freelance online jobs rather than permanent positions) is a component of the fourth industrial revolution and preview of future work. The rise of digital platforms has increased career opportunities and income potential, particularly for women. Yet, the sex-disaggregated evidence regarding platform usage, employment characteristics, and working motivations and satisfaction remains untapped. Using data from a quantitative survey of Bangladeshi gig workers (242 men and 201 women) conducted in 2022, this paper addresses these gaps between male and female workers. The gig economy appears to be gender-segregated across digital platform usages and working categories. Women tend to prioritize digital work options for managing multiple responsibilities, while men are often driven by the potential for higher income. This study conceptually utilized the two-factor theory and empirically ordered a probit model to identify gender differences in job satisfaction. Job satisfaction was significantly increased by work-life balance, monthly income, and social-media connection, while an increase in working hours, complexity in payment systems, and unstable networks all led to a decrease in job satisfaction. The findings have implications for the future growth of the gig economy, provide new insights into gender differences in job satisfaction, and underscore the need for gender-sensitive policies in the online labor market.
零工经济（临时、合同和自由职业的在线工作，而非永久性职位）是第四次工业革命的组成部分，也是未来工作的预演。数字平台的兴起增加了职业机会和收入潜力，尤其是对女性而言。然而，关于平台使用、就业特征以及工作动机和满意度的性别细分证据仍未被挖掘。本文利用 2022 年对孟加拉国零工工人进行的一项定量调查（242 名男性和 201 名女性）的数据，填补了男性和女性工人之间的这些差距。零工经济似乎在数字平台使用和工作类别上存在性别隔离。女性往往更倾向于选择数字工作来管理多重责任，而男性则往往更看重更高收入的潜力。本研究从概念上利用了双因素理论，并从实证上对概率单位模型进行了排序，以确定性别差异对工作满意度的影响。工作-生活平衡、月收入和社交媒体联系显著提高了工作满意度，而工作时间增加、支付系统的复杂性和不稳定的网络则降低了工作满意度。研究结果对零工经济的未来增长具有启示意义，为工作满意度的性别差异提供了新的见解，并强调了在线劳动力市场需要性别敏感政策。
