Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Womens Health (Lond). 2024 Jan-Dec;20:17455057241265078. doi: 10.1177/17455057241265078.
Pelvic organ prolapse is a descent of the vaginal compartments and the surrounding organ due to loss of support of the vaginal tissue. It has a significant psychological, physical, and social impact that affects women's quality of life. However, its true prevalence is unknown due to the variability in the methods used to diagnose the disorder.
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse and its associated risk factors among women in Sidama region, Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Dale-Wonsho Health and Demographic Surveillance Site, Sidama region, from March to October 2023.
A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select a sample of 816 women. Anatomical prolapse was diagnosed based on the standardized pelvic organ prolapse quantification method, and symptomatic prolapse was assessed by patient-reported symptoms. A complex survey-based modified Poisson regression was used to assess the risk factors associated with prolapse.
A total of 815 participated in the interview, and 779 (95.6%) underwent pelvic examination to assess for prolapse status. Anatomical prolapse (Stages II-IV) was observed in 241 (30.9%; 95% confidence interval = 24-38.7) of the participants. The prevalence of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse was 78.5% (95% confidence interval = 69.1-85.7) among women with anatomical prolapse (189/241). This prevalence falls to 24.27% (95% confidence interval = 19.98-29.16) for the total sample population. Higher frequency of childbirth, prolonged heavy lifting activities, and prolonged labor increased the likelihood of developing anatomical prolapse. Childbirth at an early age and prolonged heavy lifting activities were significantly associated with symptomatic prolapse.
Anatomical prolapse and symptomatic prolapse are high in the study area. Parity, prolonged heavy lifting, prolonged labor, and early age childbirth were associated with pelvic organ prolapse. Community-based education and interventions that focus on the modification of risk factors are needed.
盆腔器官脱垂是由于阴道组织支撑力丧失导致阴道腔室和周围器官下降。它对女性的生活质量有重大的心理、生理和社会影响。然而，由于诊断该疾病的方法存在差异，其真实患病率尚不清楚。
本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚锡达玛地区女性盆腔器官脱垂的患病率及其相关危险因素。
2023 年 3 月至 10 月，在锡达玛地区戴尔-旺肖卫生和人口监测现场进行了一项基于社区的横断面调查。
采用多阶段分层聚类抽样方法，选择了 816 名女性作为样本。采用标准化盆腔器官脱垂量化方法诊断解剖学脱垂，采用患者报告的症状评估症状性脱垂。采用基于复杂调查的改良泊松回归分析评估与脱垂相关的危险因素。
共有 815 人接受了访谈，其中 779 人（95.6%）接受了盆腔检查以评估脱垂状况。241 名（30.9%；95%置信区间 24-38.7）参与者存在解剖学脱垂（II-IV 期）。有解剖学脱垂的女性中，症状性盆腔器官脱垂的患病率为 78.5%（95%置信区间 69.1-85.7）（189/241）。在总样本人群中，这一患病率降至 24.27%（95%置信区间 19.98-29.16）。分娩次数增加、长时间负重活动和产程延长增加了发生解剖学脱垂的可能性。早分娩和长时间负重活动与症状性脱垂显著相关。
该研究地区解剖学脱垂和症状性脱垂的患病率较高。多产、长时间负重、产程延长和早分娩与盆腔器官脱垂有关。需要开展以改变危险因素为重点的基于社区的教育和干预措施。
