Nwaozuzu Chinemerem C, Abah Stephen O, Patrick-Iwuanyanwu Kingsley C
Africa Center of Excellence in Public Health and Toxicological Research, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria.
Department of Community Medicine, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria.
Environ Anal Health Toxicol. 2024 Jun;39(2):e2024015-0. doi: 10.5620/eaht.2024015. Epub 2024 Jun 7.
In 2011, the United Nations Environment Programme discovered high levels of hydrocarbon pollution in drinking water wells in Nsisioken Agbi Ogale Rivers State, Nigeria. However, the level of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the same community's water supply was unknown. A comprehensive study of PAHs in three household dug wells and three boreholes was conducted using Agilent 7890B gas chromatography and 5975A mass spectrometry. The detected PAHs were mainly 4 - 5 ringed PAHs, such as Chrysene, Fluoranthene, Pyrene, Benzo[a]anthracene, and Benzo[b]fluoranthene. The total mean concentration was 5.8 ± 2.3 μg/L, with values ranging from not detected in borehole 3 to 8.0 μg/L at well 2. Source identification analysis suggested that the PAHs originated from fuel and biomass combustion. The incremental lifetime cancer risk for children and adults due to groundwater ingestion and skin contact ranged from ND to 7.448 × 10-3 and ND to 1.83 × 10-3 respectively. The Risk index (RI) values from ingestion and dermal routes were 1.5 ×10-2 and 2.4 × 10-2, indicating high risk of cancer. The hazard quotient for the two non-carcinogenic PAHs was greater than 1, indicating high toxicity. The PAH concentrations exceeded the maximum contamination limits set by the World Health Organization and the U.S. environmental Protection Agency, highlighting potential health risks associated with water use in the community. Authorities should provide a safe alternative water source for the community.
2011年，联合国环境规划署在尼日利亚河流州Nsisioken Agbi Ogale的饮用水井中发现了高浓度的碳氢化合物污染。然而，同一社区供水系统中多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量尚不清楚。使用安捷伦7890B气相色谱仪和5975A质谱仪对三口家用挖井和三口钻孔中的多环芳烃进行了全面研究。检测到的多环芳烃主要是4至5环的多环芳烃，如 Chrysene、荧蒽、芘、苯并[a]蒽和苯并[b]荧蒽。总平均浓度为5.8±2.3μg/L，数值范围从钻孔3中未检测到到井2中的8.0μg/L。源识别分析表明，多环芳烃源自燃料和生物质燃烧。儿童和成人因摄入地下水和皮肤接触而产生的终生癌症风险增量分别为未检出至7.448×10-3和未检出至1.83×10-3。摄入和皮肤接触途径的风险指数（RI）值分别为1.5×10-2和2.4×10-2，表明癌症风险高。两种非致癌多环芳烃的危害商大于1，表明毒性高。多环芳烃浓度超过了世界卫生组织和美国环境保护局设定的最大污染限值，突出了该社区用水相关的潜在健康风险。当局应为该社区提供安全的替代水源。
