Lombardo Mauro, Feraco Alessandra, Armani Andrea, Camajani Elisabetta, Gorini Stefania, Strollo Rocky, Padua Elvira, Caprio Massimiliano, Bellia Alfonso
Department for the Promotion of Human Science and Quality of Life, San Raffaele Open University, Rome, Italy.
Laboratory of Cardiovascular Endocrinology, San Raffaele Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy.
Front Nutr. 2024 Jul 11;11:1414217. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1414217. eCollection 2024.
This study investigates the interplay between body composition, dietary patterns, and physical activity across genders, focusing on gender-specific differences in food preferences and eating behaviors. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing targeted nutritional and lifestyle interventions.
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,333 participants (58.7% female, 41.3% male), aged 18-65 years. Participants were categorized into tertiles based on their fat mass to fat-free mass (FM-to-FFM) ratio. Data on dietary choices, eating behaviors, and physical activity were collected and analyzed to identify gender-specific trends.
Significant gender-specific differences were observed in food preferences and eating behaviors. Males experienced greater hunger in the late afternoon, while females felt more hunger in the morning. Males showed a preference for processed and red meats, whereas females preferred cooked vegetables. Eating behaviors such as meal skipping, uncontrolled eating, nocturnal eating, and taste preferences (sweet or salty) varied distinctly between FM-to-FFM tertiles and genders. Higher FM-to-FFM ratios correlated with lower physical activity levels, particularly in strength training and general sports engagement.
These findings highlight the complex interactions between body composition, dietary habits, and lifestyle factors, emphasizing gender-specific differences. The results suggest that body composition and BMI significantly impact health-related behaviors, necessitating tailored interventions to address these differences and promote healthier lifestyles.
本研究调查了不同性别人群的身体成分、饮食模式和身体活动之间的相互作用，重点关注食物偏好和饮食行为中的性别差异。了解这些相互作用对于制定有针对性的营养和生活方式干预措施至关重要。
对1333名年龄在18至65岁之间的参与者（58.7%为女性，41.3%为男性）进行了横断面研究。参与者根据其脂肪量与去脂体重（FM-to-FFM）的比率被分为三个三分位数组。收集并分析了有关饮食选择、饮食行为和身体活动的数据，以确定性别特异性趋势。
在食物偏好和饮食行为方面观察到了显著的性别差异。男性在傍晚时分饥饿感更强，而女性在早晨感觉更饥饿。男性更喜欢加工肉类和红肉，而女性则更喜欢煮熟的蔬菜。在FM-to-FFM三分位数组和不同性别之间，诸如不吃正餐、无节制饮食、夜间进食以及口味偏好（甜或咸）等饮食行为存在明显差异。较高的FM-to-FFM比率与较低的身体活动水平相关，尤其是在力量训练和参与一般体育运动方面。
这些发现凸显了身体成分、饮食习惯和生活方式因素之间的复杂相互作用，强调了性别差异。结果表明，身体成分和体重指数对与健康相关的行为有显著影响，因此需要量身定制干预措施来解决这些差异并促进更健康的生活方式。
