Inagaki Yoko, Koirala Sweta, Paudel Kiran, Tiwari Kiran, Sapkota Abhishek, Babu Soti Pabitra, Clarke Jonathan, Beaney Thomas, Poulter Neil R, Neupane Dinesh
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Nepal Development Society, Bharatpur-5, Chitwan, Nepal.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2024 Jul 24;26(Suppl 3):iii61-iii64. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suae054. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Despite the well-recognized importance of prevention and early treatment of hypertension, the majority of adults in Nepal are not aware of their high blood pressure (BP) and are left untreated. In this paper, we report the result of the May Measure Month 2021 campaign in Nepal: a nationwide community-based hypertension screening campaign. An opportunistic cross-sectional survey was conducted in 15 districts between September 2021 and December 2021. An individual was included if aged 18 years or more and provided informed consent. Structured questionnaires were administered, and BP was measured three times in a sitting position by trained volunteers. A total of 5172 participants were included. The median age (interquartile range) was 37 (25-51), and 49.9% were female. The mean (SD) of the systolic and diastolic BP was 123.9 (14.9) and 80.2 (9.3) mmHg, respectively. A total of 1066 participants (20.6%) were identified as hypertensive (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg or on antihypertensive medication), of whom 399 (39.5%) and 298 (29.5%) were aware of their BP status and treated with at least one antihypertensive medicine, respectively. Blood pressure control (<140/90 mmHg) was achieved in 15.6% of all hypertensives and in 56.0% of treated individuals. Multivariate logistic regression showed an association between hypertension and the following variables: every 1-year increase of age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.13 (1.11-1.15) if age < 40 and OR = 1.05 (1.04-1.06) if age ≥ 40], male [OR = 1.57 (1.33-1.89)], regular alcohol use [OR = 1.59 (1.30-1.93)], and diabetes [OR = 2.63 (1.93-3.58)]. Hypertension awareness, treatment, and control were suboptimal in Nepal. This study supports a strong need to scale up community-based hypertension programmes in Nepal and raises the possibility of task sharing with community health workers.
尽管高血压的预防和早期治疗的重要性已得到广泛认可，但尼泊尔的大多数成年人并不知道自己患有高血压，且未得到治疗。在本文中，我们报告了2021年尼泊尔五月测量月活动的结果：一项全国性的基于社区的高血压筛查活动。2021年9月至12月期间，在15个地区进行了一项机会性横断面调查。年龄在18岁及以上且提供知情同意书的个人被纳入研究。由经过培训的志愿者发放结构化问卷，并让参与者坐着测量三次血压。总共纳入了5172名参与者。年龄中位数（四分位间距）为37岁（25 - 51岁），女性占49.9%。收缩压和舒张压的平均值（标准差）分别为123.9（14.9）和80.2（9.3）mmHg。共有1066名参与者（20.6%）被确定为高血压患者（收缩压≥140 mmHg或舒张压≥90 mmHg或正在服用降压药），其中分别有399名（39.5%）和298名（29.5%）知晓自己的血压状况并至少服用了一种降压药。所有高血压患者中有15.6%以及接受治疗的患者中有56.0%实现了血压控制（<140/90 mmHg）。多因素逻辑回归显示高血压与以下变量之间存在关联：年龄每增加1岁[年龄<40岁时比值比（OR）= 1.13（1.11 - 1.15），年龄≥40岁时OR = 1.05（1.04 - 1.06）]、男性[OR = 1.57（1.33 - 1.89）]、经常饮酒[OR = 1.59（1.30 - 1.93）]以及糖尿病[OR = 2.63（1.93 - 3.58）]。尼泊尔的高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率都不理想。本研究支持在尼泊尔大力扩大基于社区的高血压项目的必要性，并提出了与社区卫生工作者分担任务的可能性。
