Peñaherrera Ernesto, Ramírez Maria, Peñaherrera Rubén, Duarte Yan C, Cáceres Silvia, Avila Elisa, Jarrin Estefania, Ullauri Vladimir, Aucancela Hugo, Bayas Miguel, Oña Freddy, Arteaga Fabricio, Ruales Jose, Toopchiani Sima, Schlaich Markus, Poulter Neil R, Beaney Thomas, Liendo Kisbel
Sociedad Ecuatoriana de Cardiologia-Nucleo Guayas, World Trade Center building, Francisco de Orellana Av., Guayaquil 090512, Ecuador.
Hospital Luis Vernaza, Loja No. 700 y Escobedo, Guayaquil 090306, Ecuador.
Eur Heart J Suppl. 2024 Jul 24;26(Suppl 3):iii31-iii34. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suae049. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Arterial hypertension is a growing burden worldwide, leading to over 10.8 million deaths each year. Before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, cardiovascular diseases were the main cause of death in Ecuador. Hypertension is the main risk factor for the major cause of death, coronary and cerebrovascular disease. The 2021 May Measurement Month Campaign (MMM21) is a global initiative by the International Society of Hypertension aimed at raising awareness of high blood pressure (BP) and to provide a temporary solution for opportunistic screening until more systematic approaches can be established. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in May 2021 across 22 health centres in Ecuador. The average age of participants was 44.7 ± 15.8 years. Blood pressure measurement, the definition of hypertension (mean of the 2nd and 3rd BP measurements ≥ 140/90 mmHg or on medication for high BP), and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. In total, 1326 volunteers participated in MMM21. After multiple imputation of missing BP readings, 423 (31.9%) had hypertension. Of those, 70.5% were receiving antihypertensive medication. Of individuals receiving antihypertensive medication, 50.0% had uncontrolled BP. Overall, of 423 participants with hypertension, only 35.2% had their BP controlled (<140/90 mmHg). MMM21 demonstrated a high prevalence of hypertension in Ecuador during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the largest BP screening campaign done in Ecuador thus far. The high percentage of persons untreated or with uncontrolled hypertension while on pharmacologic treatment suggests that appropriate screening can help to identify a significant number of people with elevated BP and those inadequately treated. These data should attract the attention of doctors and health care providers in Ecuador.
动脉高血压在全球范围内造成的负担日益加重，每年导致超过1080万人死亡。在新冠疫情爆发之前，心血管疾病是厄瓜多尔的主要死因。高血压是导致主要死因（冠心病和脑血管疾病）的主要风险因素。2021年五月测量月活动（MMM21）是国际高血压学会发起的一项全球倡议，旨在提高对高血压的认识，并在建立更系统的方法之前，为机会性筛查提供临时解决方案。2021年5月在厄瓜多尔的22个医疗中心开展了一项横断面调查。参与者的平均年龄为44.7±15.8岁。血压测量、高血压的定义（第二次和第三次血压测量的平均值≥140/90mmHg或正在服用降压药）以及统计分析均遵循标准的MMM方案。共有1326名志愿者参与了MMM21。在对缺失的血压读数进行多次插补后，423人（31.9%）患有高血压。其中，70.5%正在接受抗高血压药物治疗。在接受抗高血压药物治疗的个体中，50.0%的血压未得到控制。总体而言，在423名高血压参与者中，只有35.2%的血压得到控制（<140/90mmHg）。MMM21表明，在新冠疫情期间，厄瓜多尔高血压患病率很高。这是迄今为止在厄瓜多尔开展的最大规模的血压筛查活动。未接受治疗或在药物治疗期间血压未得到控制的人群比例很高，这表明适当的筛查有助于识别大量血压升高和治疗不充分的人群。这些数据应引起厄瓜多尔医生和医疗服务提供者的关注。
