Ma Lin, Wang Daotong, Zhang Lei, Ge Yue, Liu Yueqiu, Cheng Yunxia, Jiang Xingfu
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Disease and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
School of Landscape Architecture, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China.
iScience. 2024 Jun 20;27(7):110320. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110320. eCollection 2024 Jul 19.
Green manure (GM) enhances organic agriculture by improving soil quality and microbiota, yet its effects on plant resistance are unclear. Investigating the GM crop hairy vetch-maize rotation system, a widely adopted GM practice in China, we aimed to determine maize resistance to fall armyworm (FAW), (Smith), a major pest. Greenhouse experiments with three fertilization treatments (chemical fertilizer, GM, and a combination) revealed that GM applications significantly improved maize resistance to FAW, evidenced by reduced larval feeding preference and pupal weight. GM also enriched soil nutrients, beneficial rhizobacteria, and resistance-related compounds, such as salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one (DIMBOA), in maize. The results suggest that GM-amended soils and microbial communities may have an underestimated role in regulating host plant adaptation to pests by increasing plant resistance. This study can provide information for developing and implementing environmentally friendly and sustainable cropping systems with enhanced resistance to pests and diseases.
绿肥通过改善土壤质量和微生物群来促进有机农业发展，但其对植物抗性的影响尚不清楚。我们以中国广泛采用的绿肥作物毛苕子-玉米轮作系统为研究对象，旨在确定玉米对主要害虫草地贪夜蛾（Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)）的抗性。通过三种施肥处理（化肥、绿肥和两者结合）的温室试验表明，施用绿肥显著提高了玉米对草地贪夜蛾的抗性，表现为幼虫取食偏好降低和蛹重减轻。绿肥还增加了玉米土壤中的养分、有益根际细菌以及与抗性相关的化合物，如水杨酸、茉莉酸和2,4-二羟基-7-甲氧基-1,4-苯并恶嗪-3-酮（DIMBOA）。结果表明，改良绿肥的土壤和微生物群落可能通过增强植物抗性，在调节寄主植物对害虫的适应性方面发挥了被低估的作用。本研究可为开发和实施对病虫害具有更强抗性的环境友好型可持续种植系统提供信息。
