Widlöcher D
Int J Psychoanal. 1985;66 ( Pt 1):31-46.
The concept of identification is a blurred one. There is no general agreement about the relationships with other concepts. On the other hand, Freud described several forms of identification, opposing each to the other (hysterical and narcissistic, primary and secondary, ego and superego identification). The author points out the fact every identificatory process must be considered as a work of the unconscious. 'To identify oneself with ...' always results from a process in which a representation is identified to an other and thus realizes the fulfillment of a wish. But identification itself becomes a drive goal: the wish for identification. On that point, the importance of drive opposition between primary identification and object relationship must be outlined. The structural effects are then considered. From this point of view, personality agencies can be characterized in the same time as the result of the identificatory process and the source of the wish for identification.
认同的概念是模糊不清的。对于它与其他概念的关系，并没有普遍的共识。另一方面，弗洛伊德描述了几种认同形式，并将它们相互对立起来（癔症性认同和自恋性认同、原发性认同和继发性认同、自我认同和超我认同）。作者指出，每个认同过程都必须被视为无意识的工作。“将自己认同为……”总是源于一个过程，在这个过程中，一种表象与另一种表象相认同，从而实现了愿望的满足。但认同本身成为了一个驱力目标：对认同的愿望。在这一点上，必须概述原发性认同和客体关系之间驱力对立的重要性。然后考虑其结构效应。从这个角度来看，人格机构可以同时被表征为认同过程的结果和认同愿望的来源。
