Wang Qianxun, Na Mula, Jia Shiyu, Sun Miao, Gao Song, Pan Shiwei, Dong Wu, Song Yang, Yang Jingfeng
College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Jul 13;13(7):520. doi: 10.3390/biology13070520.
The objective of this study was to explore the dynamic changes in the gut microbiota of Simmental calves before weaning and to compare the microbial composition and functionality between healthy calves and those with diarrhea. Fourteen neonatal Simmental calves were divided into a healthy group ( = 8) and a diarrhea group ( = 6). Rectal stool samples were collected from each calf on days 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18, 22, 26, 30, 35, and 40. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene V1-V9 region was conducted to examine changes in the gut microbiota over time in both groups and to assess the influence of diarrhea on microbiota structure and function. , , and were the top three bacterial species in preweaning Simmental calves. Meanwhile, the major functions of the fecal microbiota included "metabolic pathways", "biosynthesis of secondary metabolites", "biosynthesis of antibiotics", "microbial metabolism in diverse environments", and "biosynthesis of amino acids". For calves in the healthy group, PCoA revealed that the bacterial profiles on days 1, 3, 5, 7, and 9 differed from those on days 15, 18, 22, 26, 30, 35, and 40. The profiles on day 12 clustered with both groups, indicating that microbial structure changes increased with age. When comparing the relative abundance of bacteria between healthy and diarrheic calves, the beneficial , , and were significantly more abundant in the healthy group than those in the diarrhea group ( < 0.05). This study provides fundamental insights into the gut microbiota composition of Simmental calves before weaning, potentially facilitating early interventions for calf diarrhea and probiotic development.
本研究的目的是探讨西门塔尔犊牛断奶前肠道微生物群的动态变化，并比较健康犊牛和腹泻犊牛的微生物组成及功能。14头新生西门塔尔犊牛被分为健康组（n = 8）和腹泻组（n = 6）。在第1、3、5、7、9、12、15、18、22、26、30、35和40天从每头犊牛采集直肠粪便样本。对16S rRNA基因V1 - V9区域进行高通量测序，以研究两组犊牛肠道微生物群随时间的变化，并评估腹泻对微生物群结构和功能的影响。在断奶前的西门塔尔犊牛中，[具体细菌名称1]、[具体细菌名称2]和[具体细菌名称3]是前三大细菌种类。同时，粪便微生物群的主要功能包括“代谢途径”、“次生代谢物的生物合成”、“抗生素的生物合成”、“不同环境中的微生物代谢”以及“氨基酸的生物合成”。对于健康组的犊牛，主坐标分析（PCoA）显示第1、3、5、7和9天的细菌谱与第15、18、22、26、30、35和40天的不同。第12天的谱与两组都聚类，表明微生物结构变化随年龄增加。比较健康犊牛和腹泻犊牛之间细菌的相对丰度时，健康组中有益菌[具体细菌名称4]、[具体细菌名称5]和[具体细菌名称6]的丰度显著高于腹泻组（P < 0.05）。本研究为西门塔尔犊牛断奶前的肠道微生物群组成提供了基本见解，可能有助于犊牛腹泻的早期干预和益生菌开发。
