Méndez-Martínez Yuniel, Valensuela-Barros Helen A, Cruz-Quintana Yanis, Botello-León Aroldo, Muñoz-Mestanza Roberto D, Orellana-Castro Grace L, Angulo Carlos
Experimental Aquaculture Laboratory, Facultad de Ciencias Pecuarias y Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo (UTEQ), Av. Quito Km. 1 1/2 via a Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Quevedo 120301, Los Ríos, Ecuador.
Grupo de Investigación en Sanidad Acuícola, Inocuidad y Salud Ambiental (SAISA), Departamento de Acuicultura, Pesca y Recursos Naturales Renovables, Facultad de Acuicultura y Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Técnica de Manabí (UTM), c/Gonzalo Loor Velasco s/n, Bahía de Caráquez 130104, Manabí, Ecuador.
Biology (Basel). 2024 Jul 17;13(7):531. doi: 10.3390/biology13070531.
In recent decades, interest has been aroused worldwide in the use of silicon in nutrition; however, information on its effect on nutrition and metabolism of fish is limited. The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with organic silicon on the growth performance, blood biochemistry, digestive enzymes, morphohistology and intestinal microbiota and stress resistance in hybrid Tilapia (). Methodologically, six levels of organic silicon (DOS) [control (0), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg·kg] were used to feed juvenile fish (initial weight 7.51 ± 0.25 g) grown for eight weeks in 18 aquariums (15 fish/aquarium). The results indicated that growth performance showed differences ( < 0.05) for specific growth rate, feed conversion and survival. Triglycerides, cholesterol and glucose, transaminases and digestive enzymes were significantly influenced by DOS levels. The histological study confirmed that the administered diets did not cause damage and induced significant morphological changes in the proximal intestine. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis of the gut microbiota showed a high diversity and richness of OTU/Chao-1, with Fusobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria predominating in the DOS treatments compared to the control ( < 0.05). Induction of hypoxia stress after the feeding period showed a significant relative survival rate of 83.33% in fish fed 50 mg·kg. It is concluded that the DOS treatments performed better than the control treatment in most of the variables analysed. DOS had no negative effects on the fish. The results showed that up to 50 mg·kg DOS improved digestive, metabolic and growth performance in hybrid Tilapia.
近几十年来，硅在营养领域的应用已引起全球关注；然而，关于其对鱼类营养和代谢影响的信息有限。本研究的目的是评估日粮中添加有机硅对杂交罗非鱼生长性能、血液生化指标、消化酶、形态组织学、肠道微生物群及抗应激能力的影响。在方法上，采用六个水平的有机硅（二甲基硅氧烷）[对照组（0）、10、20、30、40和50毫克·千克] 投喂初始体重为7.51±0.25克的幼鱼，在18个水族箱（每个水族箱15尾鱼）中饲养8周。结果表明，特定生长率、饲料转化率和存活率等生长性能存在差异（P<0.05）。甘油三酯、胆固醇、葡萄糖、转氨酶和消化酶受二甲基硅氧烷水平的显著影响。组织学研究证实，所投喂的日粮未造成损害，且在近端肠道诱导了显著的形态变化。肠道微生物群的16S rRNA基因测序分析显示，OTU/Chao-1具有高度的多样性和丰富度，与对照组相比，二甲基硅氧烷处理组中厚壁菌门、变形菌门、拟杆菌门和酸杆菌门占主导地位（P<0.05）。投喂期后诱导缺氧应激，结果显示，投喂50毫克·千克二甲基硅氧烷的鱼相对存活率显著为83.33%。研究得出结论，在大多数分析变量中，二甲基硅氧烷处理组的表现优于对照组。二甲基硅氧烷对鱼没有负面影响。结果表明，高达50毫克·千克的二甲基硅氧烷可改善杂交罗非鱼的消化、代谢和生长性能。
