He Xu, Wang Chao, Jia Pan, Zhong Zheng
School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518055, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
Biomimetics (Basel). 2024 Jul 4;9(7):406. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics9070406.
The present investigations on tandem wing configurations primarily revolve around the effects of the spacing and the phase difference φ between the forewing and the hindwing on aerodynamic performance. However, in nature, organisms employing biplane flight, such as dragonflies, demonstrate the ability to achieve superior aerodynamic performance by flexibly adjusting their flapping trajectories. Therefore, this study focuses on the effects of φ, as well as the trajectory of the hindwing, on aerodynamic performance. By summarizing four patterns of wake-wing interaction processes, it is indicated that φ=-90∘ and 0∘ enhances the thrust of the hindwing, while φ=90∘ and 180∘ result in reductions. Furthermore, the wake-wing interactions and shedding modes are summarized corresponding to three kinds of trajectories, including elliptical trajectories, figure-eight trajectories, and double figure-eight trajectories. The results show that the aerodynamic performance of the elliptical trajectory is similar to that of the straight trajectory, while the figure-eight trajectory with positive surging motion significantly enhances the aerodynamic performance of the hindwing. Conversely, the double-figure-eight trajectory degrades the aerodynamic performance of the hindwing.
目前对串联翼构型的研究主要围绕前翼和后翼之间的间距以及相位差φ对空气动力学性能的影响。然而，在自然界中，采用双翼飞行的生物，如蜻蜓，展示了通过灵活调整其扑翼轨迹来实现卓越空气动力学性能的能力。因此，本研究聚焦于φ以及后翼轨迹对空气动力学性能的影响。通过总结四种尾流 - 翼相互作用过程模式，结果表明φ = -90°和0°会增强后翼的推力，而φ = 90°和180°则会导致推力减小。此外，还总结了与三种轨迹相对应的尾流 - 翼相互作用和脱落模式，包括椭圆形轨迹、“8”字形轨迹和双“8”字形轨迹。结果表明，椭圆形轨迹的空气动力学性能与直线轨迹相似，而具有正向涌动运动的“8”字形轨迹显著提高了后翼的空气动力学性能。相反，双“8”字形轨迹降低了后翼的空气动力学性能。
