Yao Yunyan, Xiang Liang
ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311200, China.
Entropy (Basel). 2024 Jul 11;26(7):592. doi: 10.3390/e26070592.
Quantum computing is an exciting field that uses quantum principles, such as quantum superposition and entanglement, to tackle complex computational problems. Superconducting quantum circuits, based on Josephson junctions, is one of the most promising physical realizations to achieve the long-term goal of building fault-tolerant quantum computers. The past decade has witnessed the rapid development of this field, where many intermediate-scale multi-qubit experiments emerged to simulate nonequilibrium quantum many-body dynamics that are challenging for classical computers. Here, we review the basic concepts of superconducting quantum simulation and their recent experimental progress in exploring exotic nonequilibrium quantum phenomena emerging in strongly interacting many-body systems, e.g., many-body localization, quantum many-body scars, and discrete time crystals. We further discuss the prospects of quantum simulation experiments to truly solve open problems in nonequilibrium many-body systems.
量子计算是一个令人兴奋的领域，它利用量子原理，如量子叠加和纠缠，来解决复杂的计算问题。基于约瑟夫森结的超导量子电路是实现构建容错量子计算机这一长期目标最有前景的物理实现方式之一。过去十年见证了该领域的快速发展，出现了许多中规模多量子比特实验来模拟对经典计算机而言具有挑战性的非平衡量子多体动力学。在此，我们回顾超导量子模拟的基本概念及其在探索强相互作用多体系统中出现的奇异非平衡量子现象，如多体局域化、量子多体伤疤和离散时间晶体方面的最新实验进展。我们还进一步讨论了量子模拟实验真正解决非平衡多体系统中开放性问题的前景。
