Åkerstedt Torbjörn, Eriksson Julia, Freyland Sara, Widman Linnea, Magnusson Hanson Linda L, Miley-Åkerstedt Anna
Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Stress Research Institute, Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, 114 19 Stockholm, Sweden.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Jul 11;12(14):1393. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12141393.
Sickness absence has been linked to short and long, as well as poor, sleep in a few studies. Such studies have started from a baseline measurement and followed up on subsequent sickness absence. In the present study, however, we focused on the in biennial reports of sickness absence and sleep measures (using work-related variables as possible modifiers). We also searched for an interaction between predictors and gender since women report more sleep problems.
A total of 5377 individuals (random sample from the Swedish working population) participated across five biennial points of measurement. Data were analyzed using mixed-model logistic regression.
The multivariable analysis of variation across the five time points showed that the significant sleep-related predictors of sickness absence (at least one occurrence during the preceding year) were sleep duration during days off (OR = 1.16, 95% Cl = 1.08;1.24) and sleep problems (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.33;1.51). These also remained significant after the addition of psychosocial work factors. Sensitivity analyses indicated that a 9 h sleep duration during days off may represent a critical level in terms of increased sickness absence and that late rising contributed to the association between sickness absence and long sleep duration during days off. Women reported a higher sickness absence than men (OR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.74;2.68) and had a higher probability of sickness absence for long sleep during days off and during the workweek than men.
It was concluded that increases in sleep problems and sleep duration during days off are longitudinally associated with changes in sickness absence and that women have a closer link between the two. This suggests that treatment for sleep problems may reduce the risk of sickness absence.
在一些研究中，病假与短期、长期以及较差的睡眠有关。此类研究始于基线测量，并对随后的病假情况进行随访。然而，在本研究中，我们关注的是病假和睡眠测量的两年期报告（将与工作相关的变量用作可能的调节因素）。由于女性报告的睡眠问题更多，我们还研究了预测因素与性别的相互作用。
共有5377名个体（从瑞典工作人群中随机抽样）参与了五个两年期测量点的研究。使用混合模型逻辑回归分析数据。
对五个时间点的多变量变异分析表明，与病假（前一年至少发生一次）显著相关的睡眠预测因素是休息日的睡眠时间（比值比=1.16，95%置信区间=1.08；1.24）和睡眠问题（比值比=1.42，95%置信区间=1.33；1.51）。在加入心理社会工作因素后，这些因素仍然显著。敏感性分析表明，休息日9小时的睡眠时间可能是病假增加的临界水平，起床晚导致了病假与休息日长时间睡眠之间的关联。女性报告的病假比男性多（比值比=2.16，95%置信区间=1.74；2.68），并且在休息日和工作日长时间睡眠时病假的概率比男性高。
得出的结论是，休息日睡眠问题和睡眠时间的增加与病假的变化存在纵向关联，并且女性在两者之间的联系更为紧密。这表明治疗睡眠问题可能会降低病假风险。
