Maniaci Antonino, Lavalle Salvatore, Parisi Federica Maria, Barbanti Marco, Cocuzza Salvatore, Iannella Giannicola, Magliulo Giuseppe, Pace Annalisa, Lentini Mario, Masiello Edoardo, La Via Luigi
Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna "Kore", 94100 Enna, Italy.
Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies "GF Ingrassia" ENT Section, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2024 Jun 30;11(7):204. doi: 10.3390/jcdd11070204.
A prevalent condition linked to an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease is sleep apnea. This review examines the connections between cardiac risk, the sympathetic nervous system, and sleep apnea. The increased risk of hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction, and heart failure was highlighted in the pathophysiology of sleep apnea and its effect on sympathetic activation. It is also important to consider potential processes such as oxidative stress, inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and autonomic imbalance that may relate sleep apnea-induced sympathetic activation to cardiac risk. With implications for creating innovative diagnostic and treatment approaches to lessen the cardiovascular effects of sleep apnea, the goal of this investigation is to improve the understanding of the intricate link between sympathetic activity, cardiac risk, and sleep apnea. This study aimed to clarify the complex relationship between cardiovascular health and sleep apnea by synthesizing the available research and highlighting the crucial role played by the sympathetic nervous system in moderating this relationship. Our thorough investigation may have important therapeutic ramifications that will direct the creation of focused therapies to enhance cardiovascular outcomes in sleep apnea sufferers.
与心血管疾病风险升高相关的一种普遍病症是睡眠呼吸暂停。本综述探讨了心脏风险、交感神经系统和睡眠呼吸暂停之间的联系。睡眠呼吸暂停的病理生理学及其对交感神经激活的影响突出了高血压、心律失常、心肌梗死和心力衰竭风险的增加。考虑氧化应激、炎症、内皮功能障碍和自主神经失衡等潜在过程也很重要，这些过程可能将睡眠呼吸暂停引起的交感神经激活与心脏风险联系起来。本研究的目的是增进对交感神经活动、心脏风险和睡眠呼吸暂停之间复杂联系的理解，这对于创建创新的诊断和治疗方法以减轻睡眠呼吸暂停对心血管的影响具有重要意义。本研究旨在通过综合现有研究并强调交感神经系统在调节这种关系中所起的关键作用，阐明心血管健康与睡眠呼吸暂停之间的复杂关系。我们的深入研究可能会产生重要的治疗影响，从而指导制定针对性疗法，以改善睡眠呼吸暂停患者的心血管结局。
